Browsing by Author "Shettigar, S."
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Item An Efficient Approach to Optimize Wear Behavior of Cryogenic Milling Process of SS316 Using Regression Analysis and Particle Swarm Techniques(Springer, 2019) Karthik, M.C.; Malghan, R.L.; Shettigar, S.; Rao, S.S.; Herbert, M.A.The present work is an endeavor to carry out a machining using LN2 in face milling operations and to produce the milling samples with excellent wear resistance property. The output response (wear rate) depends on appropriate choice of speed, feed, and depth of cut. The experimental data are conducted (collected) for SS316 as per central composite design. The present work exemplifies an employment of conventional and nonconventional strategies for optimizing the milling factors of cryogenically treated samples in face milling to achieve the desired wear (response). The results of nonlinear regression (desirability strategy) and nonconventional [particle swarm optimization, (PSO)] optimization techniques are compared, and PSO is found to outperform the desirability function approach. The present work even highlights the effect and results of LN2 on wear in contrast to wet condition. © 2018, The Indian Institute of Metals - IIM.Item Compact wideband microstrip circular patch antenna for 6G application(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Mahapatra, R.K.; Shet, N.S.V.; Satapathi, G.S.; Manjukiran, B.; DImri, P.; Shetty, A.N.; Shettigar, S.; Patro, B.S.; Senapati, A.; Srichandan, R.In order to create an antenna with a wide band range, the work provided in this paper displays the parametric analysis for the circular patch antenna designs. Microstrip line in the 50 ohm range is used in the developed antenna. To achieve it, three proposed designs were put forth, out of which design2 achieves a broadband of below -10dB return loss range from 20.33 to 47.11 GHz with a bandwidth of 26.78 GHz towards 6G. The HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) is used on intel core i5, 8 GB RAM, Windows 11 to simulate the suggested antenna designs. © 2023 IEEE.Item Effect of polymer host on third order nonlinear optical properties of newly synthesized organic liquid crystal(2007) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Poornesh, P.; Murthy, Y.L.N.We report the investigation of third order optical nonlinearity of 2,4,6-tri-(p-hyptoyoxylphenyl) pyrilium tetraborate doped PMMA using nanosecond laser pulses at 532nm wavelength by employing Z-Scan technique. To see the effect of polymer host, the results have been compared with the pure dopant. The material shows a large negative nonlinearity with real and imaginary parts of X(3) are - 3.31�10-14esu and 0.73�10 -14esu respectively. Excited state absorption cross-section is found to be 3.41�10-48 cm4.s/photon in PMMA host. The magnitude of third order nonlinear parameters increases when the compound is doped into PMMA matrix because of change in the conformation of chain geometry as a result of charge transfer processes. The values are comparable with a best known nonlinear liquid crystal molecule namely, 4-cyano-4'-n-pentylbiphenyl in the nematic phase. Hence, these molecules can be suitably used as nonlinear optical materials in PMMA matrix for device applications. � 2007 IEEE.Item Effect of polymer host on third order nonlinear optical properties of newly synthesized organic liquid crystal(2007) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Poornesh, P.; Murthy, Y.L.N.We report the investigation of third order optical nonlinearity of 2,4,6-tri-(p-hyptoyoxylphenyl) pyrilium tetraborate doped PMMA using nanosecond laser pulses at 532nm wavelength by employing Z-Scan technique. To see the effect of polymer host, the results have been compared with the pure dopant. The material shows a large negative nonlinearity with real and imaginary parts of X(3) are - 3.31×10-14esu and 0.73×10 -14esu respectively. Excited state absorption cross-section is found to be 3.41×10-48 cm4.s/photon in PMMA host. The magnitude of third order nonlinear parameters increases when the compound is doped into PMMA matrix because of change in the conformation of chain geometry as a result of charge transfer processes. The values are comparable with a best known nonlinear liquid crystal molecule namely, 4-cyano-4'-n-pentylbiphenyl in the nematic phase. Hence, these molecules can be suitably used as nonlinear optical materials in PMMA matrix for device applications. © 2007 IEEE.Item Effect of process parameters in face milling operation and analysis of cutting force using indirect method(Taylor and Francis Inc. 325 Chestnut St, Suite 800 Philadelphia PA 19106, 2018) Malghan, R.L.; Karthik, K.M.C.; Shettigar, S.; Rao, S.S.; D’Souza, R.J.Amelioration of demand for quality in machining-related products has resulted in the manufacturing industries as cornerstone for enhancement in quality control measures of the machining process. Milling, like any metal cutting operation, is used with an objective of optimizing surface roughness. Meticulous prediction of surface quality of a particular material during face milling operation is highly important for the purpose of controlling product quality and production rate. The machining characteristics of AA6061 using face milling were investigated. To calculate the cutting force through indirect approach, during machining the data acquisition was performed using a FANUC LAN cable. The data related to the current drawn by each axis were captured under two varying cases, one “With Cut” and another “Without Cut.” The experimental plan was executed by adopting the Taguchi approach to minimize experimental cost. The results attained through analysis of variance signify that the projected mathematical model can efficiently illustrate the performance in the boundary limit of the premeditated factors. © 2017 Taylor & Francis.Item Investigation of nonlinear optical and all-optical switching properties of novel ruthenium complex(2012) Manjunatha, K.B.; Shettigar, S.; Rajarao, R.; Umesh, G.; Ramachandra, Bhat, B.The nonlinear optical, optical limiting and all-optical switching properties of novel ruthenium complex doped PMMA film were investigated at 532 nm. The investigations show that the complex is a potential molecule for photonic applications. � 2012 OSA.Item Investigation of nonlinear optical and all-optical switching properties of novel ruthenium complex(IEEE Computer Society help@computer.org, 2012) Manjunatha, K.B.; Shettigar, S.; Rajarao, R.; Umesh, G.; Badekai Ramachandra, B.The nonlinear optical, optical limiting and all-optical switching properties of novel ruthenium complex doped PMMA film were investigated at 532 nm. The investigations show that the complex is a potential molecule for photonic applications. © 2012 OSA.Item Investigation of third-order nonlinear and optical power limiting properties of terphenyl derivatives(2014) Kamath, L.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Narayana, B.; Samshuddin, S.; Sarojini, B.K.A series of new chalcones containing terphenyl as a core and with different functional groups has been successfully synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method in search of new nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. Molecular structural characterization for the compounds was achieved by FTIR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. The third-order NLO absorption and refraction coefficients were simultaneously determined by Z-scan technique. The measurements were performed at 532 nm with 7 ns laser pulses using a Nd:YAG laser in solution form. The Z-scan experiments reveal that the compounds exhibit strong nonlinear refraction coefficient of the order 10-11 esu and the molecular two photon absorption cross section is 10-46 cm 4 s/photon. The results also show that the structures of the compounds have great impact on NLO properties. The compounds show optical power limiting behavior due to two-photon absorption (TPA). © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.Item Investigation of third-order nonlinear optical properties of conjugated benzodioxal derivatives(2010) Shettigar, S.; Poornesh, P.; Umesh, G.; Sarojini, B.K.; Narayana, B.; Prakash Kamath, K.An investigation of third-order nonlinear optical characterization of newly synthesized conjugated benzodioxal derivatives has been done by using nanosecond Z-scan technique at 532 nm. The molecules demonstrate self-defocusing effect with intensity dependent refractive index (n2) of the order of 10-14 cm2/W. The measured molecular TPA cross-section is ranging from 2.47 ×10-47 cm4 s/photon to 6.00 cm4 s/photon. Their input-output curves indicate that there is a clear optical power limiting behavior with the limiting threshold in the range 125-181 ?J. The main factor to exhibit the observed nonlinearity in these molecules is the presence of charge donor and acceptor groups. The increased conjugation length increases the nonlinear refraction and increased electron density enhances the nonlinear absorption. The molecules exhibit good nonlinear optical properties, comparable to those of regular azoaromatic compounds. Therefore, the molecules investigated here are promising candidates for optical power limiting devices. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Nonlinear optical studies on 1,3-disubstituent chalcones doped polymer films(Elsevier, 2009) Poornesh, P.; Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Prakash Kamath, K.; Sarojini, B.K.; Narayana, B.We report the measurements of the third-order nonlinear optical properties of recently synthesized and characterized two different 1,3-disubstituent chalcones doped PMMA films, with the prospective of reaching a good compromise between processability and high nonlinear optical properties. The measurements were done using nanosecond Z-scan at 532 nm. The Z-scan spectra reveal a large negative nonlinear refraction coefficient n2 of the order 10-11 esu and the molecular two photon absorption cross section is 10-46 cm4 s/photon. The doped films exhibit good optical power limiting property under nanosecond regime and the two photon absorption (TPA) is the dominating process leading to the nonlinear behavior. The improvement in the nonlinear properties has been observed when methylenedioxy group is replaced by dimethoxy group due to increase in conjugation length. The observed nonlinear parameters of chalcone derivatives doped PMMA film is comparable with stilbazolieum derivatives, a well-known class of optical materials for photonics and biophotonics applications, which suggests that, these moieties have potential for the application of all-optical limiting and switching devices. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Response Analysis of Berthing Structure with Soil–Structure Interaction(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Shettigar, S.; Jayalekshmi, B.R.; Venkataramana, K.The berthing structures including piles and diaphragm walls are supported on soft marine soils. The soft soils under severe loading are likely to undergo vertical and lateral movement. The anchored diaphragm wall is provided to support the open berth structure against backfill. In this paper, finite element analysis of berthing structure has been carried out using a finite element program ANSYS APDL. The soil strata is modelled as 3D continuum. The response analysis of diaphragm wall for different pretension forces in anchor rod has been carried out. The variation in displacement, shear force and bending moment along the depth of wall is plotted. The result is compared with the case without considering soil–structure interaction. The optimum value of pretension force is obtained as 1050 kN which effectively reduced the deflection of diaphragm wall. The percentage increase in maximum lateral displacement, shear force and bending moment of wall without considering soil–structure interaction effect was found to be 25.265%, 52.523% and 892.944%, respectively. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.Item Studies on nonlinear optical parameters of bis-chalcone derivatives doped polymer(Elsevier BV, 2006) Shettigar, S.; Chandrasekharan, K.; Umesh, G.; Sarojini, B.K.; Narayana, B.Two bis-chalcone derivatives, 1,5-[di(4-methoxyphenyl)]penta-1,4-dien-3-one and 1,5-[di(4-chlorophenyl)]penta-1,4-dien-3-one were synthesized. Their SHG conversion efficiencies are reported to be 6.0 and 5.0 times that of urea and hyper polarizabilities are 9.9×10-30 and 10.2×10-30 esu, respectively. The third-order nonlinear optical properties in PMMA matrix were studied by Z-scan technique using 7 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. The nonlinear refractive index ?, nonlinear absorption coefficient ?, magnitude of effective third order susceptibility ?(3) and the coupling factor ? have been investigated. The values obtained are of the order of 10-14 cm2/W, 1.2 cm/GW, 10-14 esu and 0.2, respectively, which are comparable with the values obtained in stilbazoleum like dyes. The experimental investigation also shows that they are very interesting optical limiting materials and their optical limiting behaviour is mainly due to two photon absorption phenomenon. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Studies on third-order nonlinear optical properties of chalcone derivatives in polymer host(Elsevier, 2008) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Chandrasekharan, K.; Sarojini, B.K.; Narayana, B.In this paper we present the experimental study of the third-order nonlinear optical properties of two chalcone derivatives, viz., 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-butyloxyphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(4-propyloxyphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one in PMMA host, with the prospective of reaching a compromise between good processability and high nonlinear optical properties. The nonlinear optical properties have been investigated by Z-scan technique using 7 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. The nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear absorption coefficient, magnitude of third-order susceptibility and the coupling factor have been determined. The values obtained are of the order of 10-14 cm2/W, 1 cm/GW, 10-13 esu and 0.2, respectively. The molecular second hyperpolarizability for the chalcone derivatives in polymer is of the order of 10-31 esu. Different guest/host concentrations have also been studied. The results suggest that the nonlinear properties of the chalcones have been improved when they are used as dopants in polymer matrix. The nonlinear parameters obtained are comparable with the reported values of II-VI compound semiconductors. Hence, these chalcons are a promising class of nonlinear optical dopant materials for optical device applications. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item The third-order nonlinear optical properties of novel styryl dyes(2009) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Poornesh, P.; Manjunatha, K.B.; Asiri, A.M.The third-order nonlinear optical properties of two novel styryl dyes, namely, 1,3-diethyl-5-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione and 5-(3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene)-1,3-diethyl-2-thioxodihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione were studied using the Z-scan technique employing 7 ns laser pulses at 532 nm. The nonlinear refractive index, nonlinear absorption coefficient, magnitude of effective third-order susceptibility and coupling factor were determined. The optical power limiting behavior of the colorants was ascribed to two-photon absorption phenomenon. Nonlinear absorption cross-section increased with increase in ? electron density and the effective two-photon absorption cross-section was two orders of magnitude larger than those of commercially available azo compounds. The results suggest that these colorants offer promise as nonlinear optical materials for device applications. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Item Third order nonlinear optical properties and two photon absorption in newly synthesized phenyl sydnone doped polymer(2007) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Chandrasekharan, K.; Kalluraya, B.We have investigated third order nonlinear optical properties of three newly synthesized 3-phenyl sydnones, doped into PMMA and determined both real and imaginary part of ?(3). The measurements were performed using nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm wavelength by employing Z-Scan technique. The nonlinear refractive index is found to be of the order of 10-14 cm2/W. The magnitude of third order susceptibility is of the order of 10-13 esu. Their two photon absorption coefficient and absorption cross section have also been determined. The optical power limiting behavior of sydnone moieties doped PMMA was also investigated. The results suggest that among the three organic phenyl sydnone moieties, 2-benzylhydrazono-5-(3-p-tolylsydnone-4-yl)1,3,4,-thiadiazine doped PMMA is a promising class of nonlinear optical material due to its simple molecular structure with p-tolyl group. It also shows a very good optical limiting behaviour with a limiting threshold of 0.21 mJ/pulse. The nonlinear parameters obtained are comparable with the values obtained in stilbazolium like dye such as trans-4-[2-(pyrrl)vinyl]-1-methylpyridium iodide. Hence this material may be tailored suitably for applications such as optical power limiters, switches and modulators. © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Item Third-order nonlinear optical properties and two-photon absorption in polymers doped with p-phenyl sydnone(2008) Shettigar, S.; Umesh, G.; Chandrasekharan, K.; Rai, G.; Kalluraya, B.We report the measurements of the third-order susceptibilities and two-photon absorption in three different polymers doped with p-phenyl sydnone moiety viz., 2-benzylhydrazono-5-(3-p-tolylsydnone-4-yl)1,3,4,-thiadiazine, which is recently synthesized and characterized, with the prospective of reaching a good compromise between processability and high nonlinear optical properties. The measurements were done using nano second Z-scan at 532 nm. The Z-scan spectra reveal a large negative nonlinear refraction coefficient n 2 of the order 10-14 cm2/W and a two-photon absorption ?, which is determined to be the order of cm/GW. The absorption cross section is 10-46 cm4 s/photon. The molecular second-order hyperpolarizability in PMMA matrix was calculated to be 1.47 × 10-31 esu, comparable with stilbazolieum derivatives, a well-known class of optical materials for photonics and biophotonics applications. The chromophore shows its optical power limiting behavior in all the three polymer matrices. All these results suggest that this moiety has potential for the application of all-optical limiting and switching devices. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.