Browsing by Author "Shet, N.S.V."

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3D-Printing Technology: A Review
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Mahapatra, R.K.; Kaliyath, Y.; Shet, N.S.V.; Satapathi, G.S.; Mahapatro, S.R.; Lakshmu Naidu, M.L.
The process of digital fabrication, commonly known as 3D printing, involves gradually adding materials to a geometric representation to produce actual items. The advantages of 3D printing for industrial use include little material waste, simple manufacturing, minimal human participation, minimal post-processing, and energy efficiency. In this study, we provide insights on the development of 3D printing, its history, current state, uses, and potential future directions. There is a detailed explanation of various materials that work with each sort of 3D printing procedure. Â© 2024 IEEE.
A Novel Single-Layered Dual-Wideband Circularly Polarized Asymmetric Slot Antenna for Wireless Applications
(Electromagnetics Academy, 2024) Shankaraiah, P.H.; Shet, N.S.V.; Kandasamy, K.
This work focuses on the design and implementation of a dual-wideband asymmetric square-shaped slot radiator with coplanar waveguide (CPW) feed for circular polarization (CP) characteristics. The proposed radiator has inward ground plane extensions in the form of square and rectangular strips on the diagonal corners of the slot. By optimizing the size of strips, a dual-band antenna with CP behaviour is obtained. The inverted L-shaped grounded strip improves axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW). The extended signal line terminated in a wide tuning stub significantly improves impedance bandwidth (IBW) and also further enhances ARBW. The designed asymmetric slot radiator is fabricated using an FR-4 substrate material of dimensions 50×50×1.6 mm3. This antenna design gives flexibility to alter polarization sense at the dual frequency bands. Further, edge effects are analyzed through electric field distribution, and their impact on impedance and AR characteristics are studied. It is designed, fabricated, and tested, and shows right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) response at 3 GHz and 7.5 GHz in the +Z direction. The experimentally verified results show −10-dB IBWs of 40.12% (range from 2.61 GHz to 3.92 GHz) and 40.21% (range from 6 GHz to 9.02 GHz), and 3-dB ARBWs are 20% (range from 2.70 GHz to 3.30 GHz) and 40.21% (range from 6 GHz to 9.02 GHz) at the resonance bands. The experimentally measured and simulated performance parameters of the prototype are in close agreement. The proposed perturbed slot radiator is well suited for Wi-Fi 6E communication and remote sensing applications. © 2024, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.
A survey on wireless sensor network (applications and architecture)
(Inderscience Publishers, 2024) Mahapatra, R.K.; Kaliyath, Y.; Shet, N.S.V.; Mahapatro, S.R.; Satapathi, G.S.; Prusty, S.B.; Patro, B.S.
Proliferation of the wireless sensor network is due to the advancement in wireless networks, information technologies, miniaturisation of sensors as well as convergence of MEMS technology, wireless communication and digital electronics. These wireless networks interface the physical world to the computing (virtual) world. In recent years, the availability of smaller, cheaper and intelligent sensors on a large scale has motivated the deployment of sensors in various applications such as smart city, smart home, smart grid, automated vehicles, etc. The sensor plays an important role in internet of things. This survey reports current research activities, applications, characteristics, architecture and case study of WSNs. In addition to this open research issues/problems are discussed. The aim is to present a comprehensive study of the literature on several aspects of wireless sensor network such as application and architecture. © 2024 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
An index coded approach for reducing number of broadcasts in vehicular networks
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2017) Patil, A.; Shekar, N.; Shet, N.S.V.
Vehicular network standard demands a short range reliable vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication with high mobility, also increasing amount of downloaded data in short encounters. Satisfying demands of clients with minimum number of transmissions using index coding has proven notable significance in wireless ad-hoc networks. The proper encoding at the server with side information leads to simultaneous satisfaction of clients with reduced amount of broadcasts. MERLIN (Maximum Expected download over Random LINks) is one of the fundamental protocols developed for optimizing downloads in vehicular networks over random encounter durations [1]. In this paper, we present I-MERLIN (Index coding based MERLIN) protocol and analyze its performance over MERLIN. We show that same amount of data can be downloaded from server in reduced number of transmissions, for single server multiple clients scenario. We also show that, I-MERLIN works well to satisfy multiple clients in minimum number of requests, which can be applicable for real road scenarios. Â© 2017 IEEE.
Analysis of Modulation schemes Using Rayleigh and AWGN channel for wireless sensor nodes in Internet of Things
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Mahapatra, R.K.; Shet, N.S.V.; Satapathi, G.S.; Patro, B.S.; Satapathy, D.
Constraints of energy in a wireless sensor network has become a critical issue as almost all the nodes are battery driven. Hence energy is limited. Hence optimization of energy is a critical factor for the sensor node's lifetime. Here we have considered the asymmetric method of communication that uses different modulation schemes with error correcting codes for up-link and down-link communication. We evaluate and compare two extensively used error correcting codes, Hamming and Reed-Solomon (RS) codes, together with well-known modulation schemes, including QAM, M-FSK, M-PSK, and BPSK. This paper makes use of the relation between Signal to noise ratio (SNR) and bits per symbol towards modelling and analysis purposes. Â© 2023 IEEE.
Analysis of series-fed microstrip array antennas
(2016) Faisalbin, Abdulmajeed, N.; Shet, N.S.V.; Rao, P.H.
Series-fed array of square patches designed at 10 GHz, with three different configurations has been analyzed for sidelobe level and cross-polarization characteristics. A series-fed 8�2 planar array is analyzed to provide a sidelobe level of - 24.2dB and cross-polarization level of -21.8dB. The second configuration; a 2-line series array of 8 elements oriented back to back and fed with 180� out of phase exhibits a sidelobe level of - 25dB and low cross-polarization better than -51.6dB over all the angles. In the third configuration, a single line series array of 8 elements displaced on both the sides of the feed line is analyzed. The sidelobe level has been increased to -13.3dB with maximum cross-polarization level -27.7dB. The impedance bandwidth of 220MHz, 270MHz and 350MHz for a VSWR of 2, is observed for the three antenna types respectively. � 2016 IEEE.
Analysis of series-fed microstrip array antennas
(Presses Polytechniques Et Universitaires Romandes, 2016) Faisalbin Abdulmajeed, N.; Shet, N.S.V.; Rao, P.H.
Series-fed array of square patches designed at 10 GHz, with three different configurations has been analyzed for sidelobe level and cross-polarization characteristics. A series-fed 8Ã—2 planar array is analyzed to provide a sidelobe level of - 24.2dB and cross-polarization level of -21.8dB. The second configuration; a 2-line series array of 8 elements oriented back to back and fed with 180Â° out of phase exhibits a sidelobe level of - 25dB and low cross-polarization better than -51.6dB over all the angles. In the third configuration, a single line series array of 8 elements displaced on both the sides of the feed line is analyzed. The sidelobe level has been increased to -13.3dB with maximum cross-polarization level -27.7dB. The impedance bandwidth of 220MHz, 270MHz and 350MHz for a VSWR of 2, is observed for the three antenna types respectively. Â© 2016 IEEE.
Biometric-Based Authentication in Online Banking
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Hublikar, S.; Pattanashetty, V.B.; Mane, V.; Pillai, P.S.; Lakkannavar, M.; Shet, N.S.V.
The use of technology has become the integral part of human life. Most importantly the introduction of Internet has made the lives of people easy and due to its cost effectiveness; usage of Internet by people has been increased. The Internet has made the people to move toward the online mode of transaction. Banks recommend their customers to use Internet banking facility and assure it as a safest mode of transaction but it is associated with huge risk. The continuous rise in online banking brings several security issues and increased cost of implementing higher security systems for banks and customers. Present online banking technology works on 2-Factor authentication mode, i.e., it works on both transaction level and authentication level. The main problem associated with 2-Factor authentication is that there may be risk associated, like cyberattack (SIM swapping fraud), etc., so we have proposed a biometric authentication technique which makes transaction more secure. Â© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Challenges for Decentralized Congestion Control Mechanisms in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
(2018) Patil, A.; Shet, N.S.V.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networking (VANET) is an emerging technology defined with main motive of avoiding on road accidents and provide safety and life critical applications to users in a well-organized manner. We present current challenges in designing VANET protocols through extensive survey from the perspective of decentralized congestion control (DCC) strategies. The challenges in routing and security applications are also outlined briefly. Internet of things (IoT) will be the future networking system in which all things will be connected to interact. In the near future, VANETs will be the main part of IoT networks because of its safety and infotainment applications. A lot of work is done in this area, still, the industry thrusts for more efficient and robust design. This paper highlights various research challenges, which will help other researchers who wish to work in this area. � 2018 IEEE.
Challenges for Decentralized Congestion Control Mechanisms in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2018) Patil, A.; Shet, N.S.V.
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networking (VANET) is an emerging technology defined with main motive of avoiding on road accidents and provide safety and life critical applications to users in a well-organized manner. We present current challenges in designing VANET protocols through extensive survey from the perspective of decentralized congestion control (DCC) strategies. The challenges in routing and security applications are also outlined briefly. Internet of things (IoT) will be the future networking system in which all things will be connected to interact. In the near future, VANETs will be the main part of IoT networks because of its safety and infotainment applications. A lot of work is done in this area, still, the industry thrusts for more efficient and robust design. This paper highlights various research challenges, which will help other researchers who wish to work in this area. Â© 2018 IEEE.
Clustering and cooperative data transfer in VANETs using index coding
(2018) Patil, A.; Shet, N.S.V.
Along with the prime aim of providing on-road safety, vehicular ad hoc networks have enabled the infotainment applications due to increasing demands from various travellers. The high mobility of nodes demands fast and efficient broadcasting of data. In this paper, we use index coding with clustering and cooperative downloading to satisfy various demands of travelling vehicles in reduced number of transmissions. The proposed index coding based protocol achieves better download throughput through V2V data exchange between clusters. Simulation results show that the proposed design achieves higher throughput than previously defined IEEE 1609.4 and Vehicular Enhanced Multichannel MAC (VEMMAC) protocols by reducing the total number of transmissions at the server. Copyright � 2018 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Clustering and cooperative data transfer in VANETs using index coding
(Inderscience Publishers, 2018) Patil, A.; Shet, N.S.V.
Along with the prime aim of providing on-road safety, vehicular ad hoc networks have enabled the infotainment applications due to increasing demands from various travellers. The high mobility of nodes demands fast and efficient broadcasting of data. In this paper, we use index coding with clustering and cooperative downloading to satisfy various demands of travelling vehicles in reduced number of transmissions. The proposed index coding based protocol achieves better download throughput through V2V data exchange between clusters. Simulation results show that the proposed design achieves higher throughput than previously defined IEEE 1609.4 and Vehicular Enhanced Multichannel MAC (VEMMAC) protocols by reducing the total number of transmissions at the server. Â© Â© 2018 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Compact wideband microstrip circular patch antenna for 6G application
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Mahapatra, R.K.; Shet, N.S.V.; Satapathi, G.S.; Manjukiran, B.; DImri, P.; Shetty, A.N.; Shettigar, S.; Patro, B.S.; Senapati, A.; Srichandan, R.
In order to create an antenna with a wide band range, the work provided in this paper displays the parametric analysis for the circular patch antenna designs. Microstrip line in the 50 ohm range is used in the developed antenna. To achieve it, three proposed designs were put forth, out of which design2 achieves a broadband of below -10dB return loss range from 20.33 to 47.11 GHz with a bandwidth of 26.78 GHz towards 6G. The HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) is used on intel core i5, 8 GB RAM, Windows 11 to simulate the suggested antenna designs. Â© 2023 IEEE.
Congestion control mechanisms in vehicular networks: A perspective on Internet of vehicles (IoV)
(Elsevier, 2022) Patil, A.; Muthuchidambaranathan, P.; Shet, N.S.V.
Developing congestion control in highly mobile vehicular networks is a challenging task. The network of vehicles or heavy vehicles uses different data for communication depending on the required application. These networks are one of the main components of the Internet of Things (IoT), and the aim is to connect every vehicle to every other vehicle for the purpose of improving the user’s quality of life. To provide better network accessibility, channel utilization, and speedy delivery of the information over these networks, congestion control plays a significant role. In this chapter, we present various congestion control mechanisms for vehicular networks by considering different applications in these networks. The decentralized and centralized mechanisms are presented and their use in different types of vehicular networks is also suggested. In the end, we have listed some challenges to help researchers to expand their research in this area. © 2022 Elsevier Inc.
Critical Review on Heart Disease Prediction: A Machine Learning Approach
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Mahapatro, S.R.; Mahapatra, R.K.; Shet, N.S.V.; Prusty, S.B.; Satapathi, G.S.; Manjukiran, B.; Reddy, G.; Chandana, O.; Divya, N.; DImri, P.
The heart is the second-most significant organ in the human body after the brain, which is the most significant organ. All of the body's organs are nourished and the blood is circulated. In the medical field, it might be difficult to anticipate the development of heart diseases. Data analytics is crucial for developing predictions based on new information, and it helps hospitals predict diseases. Every year, cardiovascular diseases account for more than 31 % of all fatalities globally. Different Machine learning algorithms are in this paper to predict heart disease. It presents a general overview of the previous work and offers insight into the current algorithm. Â© 2023 IEEE.
Cyber physical system perspective for smart water management in a campus
(Desalination Publications dwt@deswater.com, 2019) Abhishek, M.B.; Shet, N.S.V.
Smart water management in a large-scale campus is a good instance of cyber physical system (CPS). For realising this instantiation calls, a systematic framework together with the actual implementation of the associated modules needs to be devised. In this paper, the key issues of monitoring/sensing, networking, and computation parts put forward toward a deployable solution are proposed. Monitoring and Networking involving appropriate sensing and data transmission to monitor the water flow in the storage tanks at National Institute of Technology, Surathkal, Karnataka, India, are worked out to a mature stage. This paper captures essential details of these technical contributions, including necessary customisation and enhancement of the existing technologies. In the direction of addressing the data analytics of the computing part, the issue of imputing the missing values has been considered. An extensive set of results and comparisons obtained by applying different algorithms to the collected data are also presented. The technical contributions of this paper form a strong base toward the CPS realisation in the Campus, resulting in efficient water management when augmented with further analytics and modeling to address scalability. © ?2019 Desalination Publications.
Data Processing and deploying missing data algorithms to handle missing data in real time data of storage tank: A Cyber Physical Perspective
(2019) Abhishek, M.B.; Shet, N.S.V.
Water forecasting is crucial for planning, designing the infrastructure, and also for operating and managing water supply systems. Forecasting in the computation unit plays a very significant role in Cyber-Physical System. Real-time monitoring of water flow rates information helps us to conserve water when it is needed the most. Hence, we summarize in this paper the first impediment in forecasting which is; handling missing data in the real-time monitoring system using the different imputation techniques such as k-Nearest Neighbor, Expectation-Maximization, Matrix Completion. The performance of the respective method is evaluated using traditional methods like Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Missingness simply refers to the manner in which a demographic sample lacks data. The two types of missingness considered here are: 'missing at random' and 'missing at burst'. Using the different imputation methods, the validation is performed by computing for a range of 'missingness' varying from 0% to 60%. In our experiment setup, we synthetically omitted missing values continuously and randomly in the datasets for the rationale of imputing omitted values in the datasets. In this work, we are choosing the best-fitted model for our application. � 2019 IEEE.
Data Processing and deploying missing data algorithms to handle missing data in real time data of storage tank: A Cyber Physical Perspective
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Abhishek, M.B.; Shet, N.S.V.
Water forecasting is crucial for planning, designing the infrastructure, and also for operating and managing water supply systems. Forecasting in the computation unit plays a very significant role in Cyber-Physical System. Real-time monitoring of water flow rates information helps us to conserve water when it is needed the most. Hence, we summarize in this paper the first impediment in forecasting which is; handling missing data in the real-time monitoring system using the different imputation techniques such as k-Nearest Neighbor, Expectation-Maximization, Matrix Completion. The performance of the respective method is evaluated using traditional methods like Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Missingness simply refers to the manner in which a demographic sample lacks data. The two types of missingness considered here are: 'missing at random' and 'missing at burst'. Using the different imputation methods, the validation is performed by computing for a range of 'missingness' varying from 0% to 60%. In our experiment setup, we synthetically omitted missing values continuously and randomly in the datasets for the rationale of imputing omitted values in the datasets. In this work, we are choosing the best-fitted model for our application. Â© 2019 IEEE.
Design and Analysis of Microstrip Wideband Filter
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Mahapatra, R.K.; Kaliyath, Y.; Shet, N.S.V.; Satapathi, G.S.; Manjukiran, B.; DImri, P.; Shetty, A.N.; Srichandan, R.; Patro, B.S.; Senapati, A.
This paper deals with the study on conventional wideband bandpass filter (BPF) and the bandpass filter designed using the split ring resonator structure. The proposed design using the SRR consists of 3 SRR on which the filter is mounted. This is designed using the HFSS software. The material with in the dielectric constant of 4.36 and the loss tangent of 0.01 is used for the substrate material. The substrate height is varied with the dimension of 4.9 x 2.9 kept constant. The result observed for the BPF on SRR with increase substrate height has shown better results better return loss characteristics as compared to the other design. Â© 2023 IEEE.
DTPF Algorithm Based Open-Source Time-Sensitive Network Leveraging SDN Architecture
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2023) Hagargund, A.G.; Shet, N.S.V.; Kulkarni, M.
Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) has enabled a lot of advancements in industrial automation, aviation, tactile networking, and other ad-hoc networking applications. The bounded latency, reliability, and self-recovering mechanisms for a network are some of the core attributes of the TSN architecture. The reliability of bench-marking of a given TSN architecture, when done with simulators, will not match with that of hardware systems. But the TSN hardware needs more capital investment along with more development time as it involves understanding the hardware-specific parameters. The research in this paper has solved this shortcoming by implementing an open-source and secured SDN(Software Defined Networking)-based TSN framework integrating IEEE's 802.1 Qbv and 802.1Qcc standards. The novelty of implementation involves i) Realization of Centralized User Configuration (CUC), Centralized Network Configuration (CNC) with open source tools. ii) An algorithm called Dynamic TSN Path Finder (DTPF) is implemented for automatically identifying TSN edges participating in TSN flow. iii) Emulation of hardware environment leveraging Linux-based queuing disciplines and traffic shapers. This unique open source-based TSN architecture is then tested with both TSN and Non-TSN traffic, to demonstrate the gating logic and the delay characteristics based on queuing discipline when applied to virtual queues. © 2013 IEEE.