Browsing by Author "Sahana, T.S."

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    Behaviour of Masonry Walls under Combined Compression and Shear Loading: 3D Failure Analysis
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Chaitra Shree, V.; Sahana, T.S.; Raveesh, R.M.; Sowjanya, G.V.
    This study investigates the nonlinear behaviour and failure mechanisms of masonry infill walls subjected to combined axial compression and lateral shear loading. Using the Drucker-Prager plasticity model within ANSYS Workbench, a 3D finite element model of a reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill was developed. The simulation focused on crack initiation, propagation, and ultimate load-bearing capacity. Results revealed initial stiffness due to confinement, followed by diagonal shear cracking as the dominant failure mode. The finite element analysis showed good agreement with analytical estimations, with a deviation of only ±6% in peak shear capacity. Contour plots of equivalent plastic strain and stress trajectories highlighted the development of tension-induced cracks and residual strength, emphasizing the role of RC confinement. The study validates the Drucker-Prager model for simulating pressure-sensitive masonry behaviour and offers insights into stress redistribution and damage evolution under complex loading. These findings contribute to performance-based design, retrofitting strategies, and structural assessments of masonry-infilled frames under seismic or lateral forces. Future work may incorporate cyclic or probabilistic modelling for enhanced accuracy in real-world applications. © 2025 The Authors.
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    Behaviour of Masonry Walls Under Combined Compression and Shear Loading: 3D Failure Analysis
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Chaitra Shree, V.; Sahana, T.S.; Raveesh, R.M.; Sowjanya, G.V.
    This study investigates the nonlinear behaviour and failure mechanisms of masonry infill walls subjected to combined axial compression and lateral shear loading. Using the Drucker-Prager plasticity model within ANSYS Workbench, a 3D finite element model of a reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill was developed. The simulation focused on crack initiation, propagation, and ultimate load-bearing capacity. Results revealed initial stiffness due to confinement, followed by diagonal shear cracking as the dominant failure mode. The finite element analysis showed good agreement with analytical estimations, with a deviation of only ±6% in peak shear capacity. Contour plots of equivalent plastic strain and stress trajectories highlighted the development of tension-induced cracks and residual strength, emphasizing the role of RC confinement. The study validates the Drucker-Prager model for simulating pressure-sensitive masonry behaviour and offers insights into stress redistribution and damage evolution under complex loading. These findings contribute to performance-based design, retrofitting strategies, and structural assessments of masonry-infilled frames under seismic or lateral forces. Future work may incorporate cyclic or probabilistic modelling for enhanced accuracy in real-world applications. © 2025 The Authors.
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    Characterization of the Adhesive Layer through Finite Element Modeling in Double Strap Joints and Validation Through Digital Image Correlation
    (Springer, 2025) Sahana, T.S.; Kaliveeran, V.; Raveesh, R.M.; Kundapura, S.
    The accurate measurement of strain on engineering structures is crucial for evaluating their performance and ensuring their structural integrity. Strain gauges are employed for this purpose, enabling to monitor mechanical deformations and stress distributions. The adhesive layer serves as a medium between the strain gauge and the material being tested. Changes in the adhesive layer can impact, and strain transfers between materials and strain gauges when subjected to different types of loading. The p study investigates the adhesive layer's role in strain gauge mounting on substrates through experiments, finite element analysis (FEA) and comparison of analytical model predictions (Volkersen and Tsai) with the experimental digital image correlation (DIC) results. Experiments are carried out for double strap joint samples and three-dimensional finite element analysis is carried out with aid of ANSYS software. FEA model is used to simulate the adhesive layer's mechanical behavior, taking into account material properties and boundary conditions determined through experimental characterization. DIC data are used to understand the strain transfer mechanism of the adhesive layer in strain gauge mounting. The findings from both the FEA and experimental studies highlight the significance of the adhesive layer's properties, in obtaining precise strain measurements and strain transfer mechanisms. A thorough comparison of FEA predictions with experimental results allows for identifying critical factors that influence the accuracy of strain gauge measurements using DIC adhesive layers. This study offers guidance for choosing suitable adhesive materials and ideal mounting configurations for particular application. © ASM International 2024.
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    Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete Incorporating Aluminium Dross as Cement Substitute
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Siddesh, K.N.; Sowjanya, G.V.; Raveesh, R.M.; Sahana, T.S.
    The enhancement of shear performance of reinforced cement concrete beams by using aluminum waste as a partial replacement of cement has gained significant importance in recent times. The study focusses on dual challenges of sustainable construction and effective waste management, by incorporating aluminum dross-a byproduct of the aluminum industry as a partial replacement for cement in reinforced concrete beams. Firstly, the cubes are casted with varying % of aluminum dross by the weight of cement. The cement has been replaced with aluminum dross in finely powdered form by its weight varying from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. A series of experiments were conducted to find the range of optimum replacement levels. In that range, reinforced cement concrete beams are casted, again series of experiments were conducted to obtain optimum replacement % and finite element modelling were made to evaluate the shear performance and to validate the result. The results reveal that a 10% replacement of cement with aluminum dross yields the optimum performance, showing improved mechanical strength compared to the control mix. Beyond this dosage, a decline in strength was observed. The results from experiments shows significant improvement in shear strength or shear capacity till optimum replacement levels beyond which shear performance declines. Incorporating aluminum dross not only improves mechanical properties but also reduces cement usage, focusing on sustainability goals. The study demonstrates that aluminum dross can be effectively utilized as a sustainable alternative in cementitious materials, contributing to both environmental protection and economic benefits. © 2025 The Authors.
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    Experimental Investigation on Strength Characteristics of Concrete Incorporating Aluminium Dross as Cement Substitute
    (Elsevier B.V., 2025) Siddesh, K.N.; Sowjanya, G.V.; Raveesh, R.M.; Sahana, T.S.
    The enhancement of shear performance of reinforced cement concrete beams by using aluminum waste as a partial replacement of cement has gained significant importance in recent times. The study focusses on dual challenges of sustainable construction and effective waste management, by incorporating aluminum dross-a byproduct of the aluminum industry as a partial replacement for cement in reinforced concrete beams. Firstly, the cubes are casted with varying % of aluminum dross by the weight of cement. The cement has been replaced with aluminum dross in finely powdered form by its weight varying from 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%. A series of experiments were conducted to find the range of optimum replacement levels. In that range, reinforced cement concrete beams are casted, again series of experiments were conducted to obtain optimum replacement % and finite element modelling were made to evaluate the shear performance and to validate the result. The results reveal that a 10% replacement of cement with aluminum dross yields the optimum performance, showing improved mechanical strength compared to the control mix. Beyond this dosage, a decline in strength was observed. The results from experiments shows significant improvement in shear strength or shear capacity till optimum replacement levels beyond which shear performance declines. Incorporating aluminum dross not only improves mechanical properties but also reduces cement usage, focusing on sustainability goals. The study demonstrates that aluminum dross can be effectively utilized as a sustainable alternative in cementitious materials, contributing to both environmental protection and economic benefits. © 2025 The Authors.
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    Mechanical characterization of adhesive layer using Double strap joint specimens
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Sahana, T.S.; Kaliveeran, V.; Kundapura, S.
    In practical applications, most of our mechanical and civil structures are subjected to either oscillatory or static load. To design those structures, stress analysis is needed to withstand the design loads. In experimental stress analysis, strain gauges are mounted on those structures to determine stress at a point. Usually, strain gauges are mounted on the substrate using proper adhesives. The quality of strain data is a function of proper mounting. The thickness of adhesives used for mounting techniques should be optimum and very thin to ensure quality results. The underlying adhesive layer acts as an interface between the substrate and the strain gauge. This adhesive layer receives the maximum shear stress when the member is loaded in tension. Therefore, in this research work, the main focus is on characterizing the Araldite adhesive material. A tension test was conducted on the prepared bulk specimen to characterize the adhesive. The Double Strap Joint (DSJ) tests were conducted to investigate the interfacial shear strength and failure modes according to ASTM D 3528 standards. Two sets of specimens, such as plain and knurled straps, were used in this research work. The failure mode in the plain strap joint shows cohesive failure, and the knurled strap joint shows adhesive failure. © 2022