Browsing by Author "Rao, L.N."

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A Review on Emergence of a Nature-Inspired Polymer- Polydopamine in Biomedicine
(wiley, 2023) Rao, L.N.; Isloor, A.M.; Shetty, A.; Pallavi, K.C.
Biological structures have evolved throughout the millennia. Nature has been proactive with continual improvement to fine-tune the material properties resulting in optimization of the structure-function relationship. In keeping with this trend, mussels’ capacity to stick to varied moist surfaces with sufficient strength to endure powerful ocean currents has aroused curiosity and research into the role of polydopamine (PDA). It is a flexible and organic substance that exhibits individual mechanical characteristics and excellent fixation to different substrate stuff in a humidified environment. It is shown to be structurally inert and has been proved to be harmless to living systems. This makes it ideal to be used as a coating material. It has spurred the usage of the substance as molecular glue due to its perfect adherence as seen in mussels. Conformal polydopamine coatings offer sole physical and chemical properties to various substrate stuff, such as polymers, metallic things, ceramics, and many more. This has been found to help accentuate the existing properties of the coated material. PDA is a highly malleable material that may be used as a nanocomposite, a nanoparticle, and as a coating for existing materials. The additional PDA properties in biocompatibility, biodegradability, anti-microbial activity, bone regeneration, and versatility make it a promising material that can be mapped into various fields of biomedicine. In this review, we focus upon key structural aspects and related properties of PDA and how they could potentially hold as a tool for multitude biomedical and dental applications. This article will go over some recent research on polydopamine advancements in the biomedical domain. The mechanism of polymerization is first discussed followed by the various forms of polydopamine nanostructures, as well as their latest uses in biological disciplines, particularly in drug administration. The review finally is concluded by a summary of the findings. © 2023 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
Biodegradable and Biocompatible Polymeric Materials for Dentistry Applications
(wiley, 2022) Pallavi, K.C.; Isloor, A.M.; Rao, L.N.
The ongoing review assembles particulars regarding the diverse biodegradable polymeric materials, also which are specified by sole criteria of biocompatibility that are utilized for diagnosis and treatment needed in dentistry. Natural polymeric substrates are conjunct with various other bioactive molecules or polymers, which strikes off limitations of the former yielding an emerging composite modeled to attain the form of encapsulated microspheres, hydrogels, membranes, nanofibers, and scaffolds. The sustainability of particular polymeric material in the biomedical stream such as dentistry is decided by evaluating aspects, such as the extent of immunogenicity on employing, degradability time versus functionality time, noncytotoxicity, and performance on respective treatment. Enormous materials have been modeled, which have proven their viability in treating dental conditions, like chronic periodontitis, microbial attacks like bacterial and fungal infections, and bone deterioration, also in the controlled discharge of oral drugs. © 2022 Scrivener Publishing LLC.
Exploring the biological activity and setting dynamics of a novel polydopamine-based root repair material
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Rao, L.N.; Shetty, A.; Isloor, A.M.; Nayak, S.S.; Kumar, M.; Shetty K, J.; Venkatesh, M.
Background: Root perforation represents a significant complication in endodontics, compromising the structural integrity of the tooth. Effective repair are critical to mitigating the associated risks and preserving long-term dental function. Despite extensive research, the ideal repair material that fulfills all requisite biological and mechanical properties remains elusive. Methodology: This study introduces a novel polydopamine based repair material designed to address the limitations of existing materials. The material was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential, and particle size analysis. The material's initial and final setting times were evaluated using a Gilmore needle apparatus. Biocompatibility was assessed via the MTT assay, while bioactivity was quantified through calcium ion release analysis. Comparative evaluations were conducted against ProRoot MTA, a commercially available standard in root repair. Results: The findings revealed no statistically significant differences in cytotoxicity (P > 0.05) between the experimental material and ProRoot MTA, affirming the biocompatibility of both. However, the experimental material demonstrated a significantly faster set (P < 0.001) than ProRoot MTA, a critical advantage in clinical applications. the inclusion of calcium chloride and bioactive glass enhanced calcium ion release, with the experimental material showing significantly higher levels at 7 days. Conclusion: The polydopamine-bioactive glass composite exhibited favorable biological activity, superior setting dynamics, and enhanced bioactivity, positioning it as a promising candidate for perforation repair. These results lay the groundwork for further research and potential clinical translation, offering a viable solution to a longstanding challenge in endodontics. © 2025 The Authors
Fabrication of 2D Vanadium MXene Polyphenylsulfone Ultrafiltration Membrane for Enhancing the Water Flux and for Effective Separation of Humic Acid and Dyes from Wastewater
(American Chemical Society, 2024) Satishkumar, P.; Isloor, A.M.; Rao, L.N.; Farnood, R.
MXene, a new 2D transition metal carbide-based material, is gaining outstanding attention in recent days in the area of separation and purification. In this study, we have successfully synthesized vanadium-based MXene-V2CTx (where T represents functional groups such as -OH, O, and F) by etching an aluminum layer from V2AlC. For the first time, a vanadium-based MXene-V2CTx-embedded mixed matrix membrane was fabricated and utilized for removal of hazardous dye and humic acid from wastewater. With an increase in V2CTx loading, the hydrophilicity of the polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) membrane reasonably improved, and its water contact angle was reduced from 82.8 to 70.9°. V2CTx nanosheet-embedded PPSU membrane exhibited an excellent pure water permeability of 247 L m-2 h-1, which was 266% elevated than the pristine PPSU membrane. The V2CTx-PPSU membrane revealed a good antifouling nature, thermal stability, and 98.5% removal of humic acid. The optimal membrane exhibited 96.6 and 82.02% expulsion of Reactive Black 5 (RB 5) dye and Reactive Orange 16 (RO 16) dye, respectively. The flux for RO 16 and RB 5 dyes and humic acid were remarkable with a value of 202.02, 161.61, and 141.41 L m-2 h-1, respectively. This work provides a new V2CTx-incorporated PPSU ultrafiltration membrane to effectively treat humic acid and dye wastewater. © 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.