Browsing by Author "Rao, I.R."

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

A Comprehensive and Pedagogical Treatment of the Origin, Selection, and Manifestations of Proximal Coupling in Magnetic Circuits
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2025) Ubaidulla; Gonda, J.M.; Rao, I.R.
Appreciation/understanding of the factors that affect proximal coupling in magnetic circuits and the manifestations of the effect of coupling due to magnetic proximity are of paramount importance in electrical engineering. In this paper and in another companion paper we endeavor dealing with each of the aspects critically and putting them in one place. Mainly three aspects—factors that affect the coefficient of coupling, expressing the coefficient of coupling in terms of the design parameters—thus showing the symmetry of the inductance matrix, and the factors that contribute to the deviation of the voltage/current ratios from turns-ratio is considered, with the introduction of a new factor—a measure of (a)symmetry between the magnetic paths seen by the associated coils. It is also attempted to counter the wide-spread myth that the proximal coupling imperfection is because of the air-medium and to highlight the fact that it can also arise because of and be controlled by providing controlled magnetic shunting between the associated coils—a very useful insight. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
A Matrix Inversion-Based Algorithm for Economic Scheduling of Power Outputs of Thermal Units in an Electric Power System Without Losses
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Rao, I.R.; Gonda, J.M.; Surampudi, S.T.
The economic load scheduling of thermal generating units in a power system is aimed at optimally allocating a stipulated load demand from the load dispatch center, among the several generating units in operation, in a power plant, with the objective of minimizing the overall cost of the generation, while satisfying all the equality (load-generation balance) and inequality (limits on the generating units) constraints of the plant. In the power system parlance, this is famously called as the economic load dispatch without losses, and generally considered cost curves for the thermal units are quadratic approximations. There are several algorithms in use, all of them being iterative in nature, like the Î»-iteration technique. This paper presents a matrix formulation of the same problem, that yields a matrix-based non-iterative, direct solution, with a matrix inversion. This technique is elegant and gives quick and accurate results. It is direct for the cases of schedule without violation of limits and requires minimal adjustments for cases of violating the limits. Few examples are considered, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique implemented in MATLABÂ® R2019a, and the results are presented. Â© 2021 IEEE.
Circuit analysis in the time-domain: Operational approach to form the system-matrix exponential and to obtain the circuit natural response therefrom
(2014) Rao, I.R.; Shubhanga, K.N.
A time-domain operational method for the dynamic analysis of force-free Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) lumped-parameter electrical systems is presented. Starting from the state model of the system, a purely time-domain technique for obtaining the matrix exponential (state-transition matrix) has been developed. This approach preserves the time-domain identity of all the network variables (unlike the transformational approaches) and facilitates analytical, closed-form solutions for number-imposed system parameters (unlike numerical techniques). Furthermore, it provides the 'algebrization'-advantage in the time-domain itself, in which the system variables are directly observable. This obviates the need for any artificial and cumbersome transformations (both direct and inverse). This approach has been here employed to formulate the solution process of the natural (force-free) response of a generic LTI lumped-parameter electrical network of any given order, starting from the vectorized set of time-domain differential equations that collectively govern the behaviour of the said network. Some crucial aspects regarding system modeling have been highlighted. The proposed method is illustrated by examples which demonstrate the ease with which the natural response of an LTI system could be obtained, for specified initial conditions. � 2014 IEEE.
Circuit analysis in the time-domain: Operational approach to form the system-matrix exponential and to obtain the circuit natural response therefrom
(IEEE Computer Society help@computer.org, 2014) Rao, I.R.; Shubhanga, K.N.
A time-domain operational method for the dynamic analysis of force-free Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) lumped-parameter electrical systems is presented. Starting from the state model of the system, a purely time-domain technique for obtaining the matrix exponential (state-transition matrix) has been developed. This approach preserves the time-domain identity of all the network variables (unlike the transformational approaches) and facilitates analytical, closed-form solutions for number-imposed system parameters (unlike numerical techniques). Furthermore, it provides the 'algebrization'-advantage in the time-domain itself, in which the system variables are directly observable. This obviates the need for any artificial and cumbersome transformations (both direct and inverse). This approach has been here employed to formulate the solution process of the natural (force-free) response of a generic LTI lumped-parameter electrical network of any given order, starting from the vectorized set of time-domain differential equations that collectively govern the behaviour of the said network. Some crucial aspects regarding system modeling have been highlighted. The proposed method is illustrated by examples which demonstrate the ease with which the natural response of an LTI system could be obtained, for specified initial conditions. Â© 2014 IEEE.
Matrix Formulated Î»-Iteration Method for Economic Load Scheduling With B-Coefficients
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Rao, I.R.; Gonda, J.M.; Surampudi, S.T.
The load-sharing real power among several generating units in operation across the entire power system mainly depends upon the overall operating cost. Thus there is a need to develop techniques to allocate the scheduled power to generating units to minimize the cost of generation while satisfying both equality (generation-load-loss balance) and inequality (limits on generations) constraints. In this work matrix formulated lambda- iteration method is proposed, where the functions or equations, that are required to solve the economic load scheduling problem are transformed into matrices. Transmission line losses are approximated using Kron's loss formula using B-Loss coefficients. This technique gives quick and nearly perfect (very less tolerance from load demand) results. As a case study, a 6 generators and a 15 generators systems data is chosen to obtain solution to the economic load scheduling problem using matrix formulated lambda- Iteration method. This technique is implemented in MATLABÂ® R2019a and the results are presented. Â© 2022 IEEE.
Obtaining the natural frequencies of linear time-invariant dynamic systems from driving-point system-function measurements employing conceptual source-measure units
(2014) Rao, I.R.; Shubhanga, K.N.
This paper presents two mathematical conceptualizations of driving-point system-function measurement of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems with lumped-parameter description. Whereas the formalization of this dual pair of Source-Measure Units (SMU) has been - for the twin purposes of ease of demonstration and ready cognizance - effected with a specific relevance to electrical quantities, the underlying concept of system-function is sufficiently general to be universally applicable to all classes of LTI systems. The formulation has been done in the time-domain, thus retaining full immediacy with the real system variables. The outcome of the measurement, therefore, upon due rationalization, emerges as a rationic polynomial. The natural frequencies of the system are then extractible from the characteristic polynomial, which latter is contained in the measured rationic. The 'naturality' of the system-under-test as observed from a specified port-of-access is thus laid bare. The method is illustrated through examples, which also show the invariance of the system characteristic polynomial with respect to the point of view of the observer, except in cases of pole-zero cancellation. An alternative interpretation of the singularities of the system-function has also been furnished. � 2014 IEEE.
Obtaining the natural frequencies of linear time-invariant dynamic systems from driving-point system-function measurements employing conceptual source-measure units
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2014) Rao, I.R.; Shubhanga, K.N.
This paper presents two mathematical conceptualizations of driving-point system-function measurement of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems with lumped-parameter description. Whereas the formalization of this dual pair of Source-Measure Units (SMU) has been - for the twin purposes of ease of demonstration and ready cognizance - effected with a specific relevance to electrical quantities, the underlying concept of system-function is sufficiently general to be universally applicable to all classes of LTI systems. The formulation has been done in the time-domain, thus retaining full immediacy with the real system variables. The outcome of the measurement, therefore, upon due rationalization, emerges as a rationic polynomial. The natural frequencies of the system are then extractible from the characteristic polynomial, which latter is contained in the measured rationic. The 'naturality' of the system-under-test as observed from a specified port-of-access is thus laid bare. The method is illustrated through examples, which also show the invariance of the system characteristic polynomial with respect to the point of view of the observer, except in cases of pole-zero cancellation. An alternative interpretation of the singularities of the system-function has also been furnished. Â© 2014 IEEE.
Wye-Delta and Delta-Wye Transformations of Proximally-Coupled Inductor Triads
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Shah, C.; Rao, I.R.
This paper presents a method for Wye-Delta and Delta-Wye transformations of proximally-coupled inductor triads. This is achieved by a two stage process: a topology-preserving 'deproximation' that produces an intermediate coupling-free network which retains the same structure, thus making it possible to apply a straightforward transformation. The developed method is illustrated via numerical examples. Â© 2021 IEEE.