Browsing by Author "Puneet, N.P."

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Analysis of Magneto-rheological Fluid Damper and Linearization of Semi-active Quarter Car Model
(United Scientific Group, 2023) Puneet, N.P.; Kumbhar, S.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
A vehicle with better suspension always provides extra satisfaction to the passengers. Active and semi-active suspension systems are meant to overcome the narrow comfort of passive suspension. Though active systems are superior in terms of performance, their cost makes it be used only in limited applications. Semi-active systems are the best compromise between active and passive systems. One procedure to achieve ‘semi-activeness’ is the use of magneto-rheological (MR) fluid in the system where the fluid property can be varied with a change in the magnetic field applied. The use of MR fluid in the damper for vehicular applications is presented in this study. The rheological characteristic of MR fluid prepared in-house is analyzed and the MR damper is characterized to understand the dynamic behavior of synthesized MR fluid. Then, the MR damper is represented mathematically using the modified algebraic model and is used in the quarter car model. Two road profiles are chosen for the analysis. Also, this study has attempted to address complexity arriving in the analysis of MR damper due to nonlinear hysteretic force characteristic using linearization toolbox in MATLAB Simulink. © 2023 Puneet et al.
Characterization and quarter car analysis with magnetorheological fluid damper using modified algebraic model (mAlg)
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Kumbhar, S.; Puneet, N.P.; Kumar, H.
Magnetorheological (MR) dampers have received the ever-increasing attention of many researchers considering their wide range of applications ranging from large seismic control of structures to prosthetics in the medical field. One such application is in semi-active vehicle suspension with MR damper. Modeling the dynamic behavior of MR damper is an intriguing challenge and many mathematical models are put forth to address this task. In this work, the MR damper is initially developed and characterized using in-house prepared MR fluid. This study aims at using a modified algebraic model (mAlg) for modeling the hysteretic behavior of the MR damper using experimental force data. Also, the study uses a Genetic algorithm toolbox to find optimal parameters for the mAlg model, and the accuracy of mAlg is visualized with various plots. The work also aims at analyzing the response of the quarter car model with MR damper to three kinds of road excitations using Simulink. © 2022
Comparison of axial and radial flux piston designs for vehicular applications with MR damper
(American Institute of Physics Inc., 2023) Devikiran, P.; Pendyala, S.; Puneet, N.P.; Kumar, H.
Improvements on suspension systems has been the eye of researchers past few decades as semiactive and active suspension systems put forth a new level of possibility for varied damping force providing a better stability to the system. Magnetorheological (MR) suspensions provide an effective replacement for passive suspension due to controllable damping force and its cost effectiveness when compared to active suspension. Different damper designs provide variable damping force in MR dampers due to the variation in the magnetic flux depending on the piston core. This work compares with two different magnetorheological piston designs namely Axial and Radial, in design, flow of magnetic flux lines and its characteristics based on damping force, velocity and current. Â© 2023 Author(s).
Design and development of MR damper for two wheeler application and Kwok model parameters tuning for designed damper
(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2022) Devikiran, P.; Puneet, N.P.; Hegale, A.; Kumar, H.
Magnetorheological dampers have been the interest of many researchers for a few decades for the reason of being an effective and rapidly progressing technology in the field of semi-active controlled suspension. The dynamic behaviour of these devices with nonlinear hysteresis is quite a complicated phenomenon. Hence, this paper aims at the design, modelling and simulation of a custom-made MR damper for a two-wheeler vehicle. The Kwok model has been chosen to mathematically model the MR damper. The model parameters have been optimised by minimizing the error difference between experimental and model-generated force results. A PID control is designed to control the damper effectively depending on the deflection of the damper. The two-wheeler vehicle modelled with four degrees of freedom is coupled with a mathematical model of MR damper in front and rear suspension. Further, the dynamic analysis has been performed in MATLAB/Simulink considering random road input for different velocities and current input conditions. The improved performance of MR damper was observed in suppressing road irregularities using a PID controller. As an implementation part of the work, the developed damper has been implemented in a two wheeler vehicle for performance evaluation at on-road testing conditions. The results showed significant improvement in damper performance with increment of constant current controlling MR dampers. © IMechE 2021.
Design and fabrication of cost effective semi-active vehicular suspension system and testing on full scale quarter car suspension rig
(Techno-Press, 2024) Puneet, N.P.; Saini, R.S.T.; Kumar, H.
Smart materials, such as magnetorheological (MR) fluid, have received considerable research attention in recent years due to their unique capabilities. MR fluid, which possesses a magnetic field controllable viscosity, has been extensively studied for vehicular applications with the aim of synthesizing optimal MR fluids, designing optimal MR dampers, and developing control strategies. However, a comprehensive study that primarily focuses on developing a cost-effective semi-active suspension system for a commercial vehicle in a developing nation is still lacking. This study addresses this gap by synthesizing an in-house MR fluid and studying its rheological properties. Subsequently, a novel single-sensor-based controller is developed and closed-loop simulations are conducted on a quarter-car semi-active model. Finally, the overall semi-active quarter-car suspension system is experimentally tested using a suspension test rig. The performance of the proposed system in terms of ride comfort and road holding is evaluated and is compared with simple control strategies. The dynamic range of the developed semi-active MR damper is found to be around 2.3, indicating a significant MR effect. The results suggest an intermediate response using the proposed acceleration-driven controller (ADV) at lower frequencies and similar performance to that of the skyhook controller at higher frequencies. The cost-effective methodology proposed in this study is effective and can be adapted for other semi-active engineering applications. © © 2024 Techno-Press, Ltd.
Design and modelling of radial flux MR damper with radial basis function based neural network
(American Institute of Physics Inc., 2023) Pendyala, S.; Devikiran, P.; Puneet, N.P.; Kumar, H.
The capability of providing large and controllable damping force has increased the implementation of Magneto-rheological (MR) dampers in the semi active suspension systems of vehicles over the past few decades. The Magneto-rheological damper's nonlinear nature has made the modelling and control of these devices a difficult task. This work, presents a non-parametric mathematical model of custom-made MR damper using Radial basis function (RBF) network in MATLAB. The neural network used here has four input neurons that takes displacement, velocity, current and previous force values, forty hidden neurons, one output neuron which gives the predicted force. The network is trained and validated with the data obtained by experimental testing of the damper using Damper testing Machine (DTM). The comparison of experimental and predicted force vs displacement curves show that the dynamic characteristics of damper are well represented by the neural network. Â© 2023 Author(s).
Design, characterization and control of MR damper for two-wheeler applications
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Devikiran, P.; Shravya, P.; Puneet, N.P.; Kumar, H.
The research on Automotive systems is always an ongoing process with varied advancements in different sectors. One such sector is suspension system and the recent trends in vehicular suspension has taken a turn towards semiactive suspension considering its salient features like cost effectiveness and low power consumption with variable damping force. This research work presents the design of radial flux Magneto Rheological damper (MRD) with magnetic field analyzed using the FEMM tool. The designed MR damper has fabricated and characterized for modelling the damper in order to simulate the quarter car model of two wheeler rear suspension. The entire simulation was carried out using MATLAB/SIMULINK. © 2022
Determining the optimal composition of magnetorheological fluid for a short-stroke magnetorheological damper
(Springer, 2023) Aralikatti, S.S.; Puneet, N.P.; Kumar, H.
The current study investigates the effect of viscosity of base oil and weight fraction of carbonyl iron particles on maximum yield stress and effective damping range of a short-stroke magnetorheological damper (stroke length of 2 mm) designed for tool vibration mitigation. It is difficult to find the exact composition of magnetorheological fluid (MRF) based on the design equations, as unidentified practical parameters influence their behaviour hence, optimization by experimental techniques is necessary. Optimal composition of MRF are identified by genetic algorithm through central composite design of experiment. A validation study is conducted to cross verify the optimum values delivered by the algorithm. The damper is fitted onto lathe machine with the optimal fluid composition to evaluate its performance in controlling the tool vibration. The damper has been designed for the specific speed, feed and depth of cut however, the design procedure for developing a damper for higher/other cutting conditions can be achieved by the design scheme mentioned in this article. The vibration level of tool reduced by 28.66% and the amplitude of cutting force reduced by 68.18% indicating reduction of chatter vibration with the damper. An improved surface finish has been observed from 4.8 to 1.6 μm. © 2023, Indian Academy of Sciences.
Influence of slide burnishing process on the surface characteristics of precipitation hardenable steel
(Springer Nature, 2021) Sachin, B.; Rao, C.M.; Naik, G.M.; Puneet, N.P.
The surface integrity of the material is the predominant necessity of a component to perform efficiently in varying working conditions. To improve the surface integrity of the workpiece secondary finishing processes are being performed. This work attempts to propose a realistic cryogenic slide burnishing condition for improvement of the surface integrity. The slide burnishing was performed by a novel slide burnishing tool on 17–4 precipitation hardenable stainless steel. The experiment was designed based on a central composite design. Initially, the effect of control parameters on the output response was examined by experimental analysis based on the design of experiment. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the influence of the variables on the performance indices. The regression technique was used to develop an empirical model. Optimization of process parameters for finding minimum surface roughness and maximum surface hardness was achieved by a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The optimized solutions were validated by performing confirmation experiments. © 2021, The Author(s).
Multi objective optimization of quarter car parameters for better ride comfort and road holding
(2019) Puneet, N.P.; Hegale, A.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
Ride comfort of a vehicle is the measure of complacency that a passenger can experience during the travel. The present work focuses on optimizing the quarter car suspension parameters to provide better ride comfort and road holding. Initially a commercially available damper of a light motor vehicle has been characterized to understand its force- displacement behavior and the damping coefficient of this damper has been determined using this characterization result. These damping coefficient values have been considered for quarter car analysis using Matlab simulink model. Vehicle speed, sprung mass, spring constant are the other parameters considered along with damping constant. Design of experiment has been used to conduct simulation considering the parameters for three levels. Multi objective Genetic algorithm (MOGA) has been used to optimize the input parameters for better ride comfort and road holding. � 2019 Author(s).
Multi objective optimization of quarter car parameters for better ride comfort and road holding
(American Institute of Physics Inc. subs@aip.org, 2019) Puneet, N.P.; Hegale, A.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
Ride comfort of a vehicle is the measure of complacency that a passenger can experience during the travel. The present work focuses on optimizing the quarter car suspension parameters to provide better ride comfort and road holding. Initially a commercially available damper of a light motor vehicle has been characterized to understand its force- displacement behavior and the damping coefficient of this damper has been determined using this characterization result. These damping coefficient values have been considered for quarter car analysis using Matlab simulink model. Vehicle speed, sprung mass, spring constant are the other parameters considered along with damping constant. Design of experiment has been used to conduct simulation considering the parameters for three levels. Multi objective Genetic algorithm (MOGA) has been used to optimize the input parameters for better ride comfort and road holding. Â© 2019 Author(s).
Performance Evaluation of Magneto-Rheological Damper Through Characterization Testing, Modeling and its Implementation in Quarter Car
(Springer, 2022) Puneet, N.P.; Devikiran, P.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
Purpose: Semi-active devices are showing a greater prominence in several engineering applications in recent times. This work makes an attempt to evaluate the performance of semi-active damper when used with a class of smart material called magneto-rheological (MR) fluid. Method: Initially an MR damper is developed and characterized using an in-house prepared MR fluid. The rheological study is also performed for the prepared MR fluid at different input currents. The behavior of the MR damper through characterization testing is modeled using a hysteretic modeling technique known as Kwok model and the parameters are converted into current-dependent variables. The force simulation through Kwok model is used in quarter car simulation model for different dynamic conditions with off-state, constant current and current through Skyhook control. Results: The comparative results with different current conditions are analyzed. An attempt has been made to replicate these conditions in the experiments using quarter car test rig. Conclusion: Both simulation and experimental analyses revealed greater vibration suppression capability of MR damper when used with skyhook control. On an average, 24% peak amplitude reduction is observed when compared to off-state condition. © 2021, Krishtel eMaging Solutions Private Limited.
Performance evaluation of magneto-rheological damper with spring accumulator and on-road testing by implementing in a four wheeler vehicle
(Springer, 2025) Puneet, N.P.; Devikiran, P.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
Passenger vehicles running over roads are undergoing speedy updates every now and then in terms of design, luxury and passenger expectations. Above all, a passenger expects greater comfort in a vehicle throughout the journey. In many possible ways, semi-active suspension systems are proving themselves as optimum choice between passive and active systems. The present study emphasizes the performance analysis of a class of semi-active systems called magneto-rheological (MR) dampers. An MR damper suitable for a specific four wheeler vehicle with McPherson suspension system is designed and developed with a spring accumulator. The MR damper thus developed has undergone characterization testing subjected to variable input excitation conditions. The MR fluid for this damper is prepared in the laboratory. Sky-hook and ground-hook controllers are used as the current controlling devices. The developed MR damper is then used in the suspension system of the front half of the four wheeler vehicle for on-road testing. The developed damper showed about 20% improvement in the ride comfort level when used with the control strategies. © Indian Academy of Sciences 2025.
Surface Roughness Prediction in High Speed Turning of Ti-6Al-4V: A Comparison of Techniques
(2018) Grynal, D.; Srinivasa, Pai, P.; Puneet, N.P.
Surface finish of machined products is important and plays an important role in ascertaining its quality and other attributes. Surface roughness of difficult to machine materials like titanium alloys are difficult to model due to several factors influencing it. This study makes an attempt to compare the performance of a statistical technique, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and two Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques namely Multi Layered Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) to model and predict the surface roughness parameters Ra and Rt in high speed turning of Ti-6Al-4V. Experiments have been carried out using uncoated carbide inserts under dry condition. The input parameters for the modeling studies include cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. This work also makes use of tool wear and cutting tool vibration (Vy) which are uncontrollable parameters as the inputs for modeling studies. The ANOVA analysis has revealed that feed rate and cutting tool vibrations are the most significant parameters affecting Rt and cutting speed and vibrations affect Ra. A comparison between the modeling techniques revealed that RBFNN performed better in terms of prediction accuracy when compared to MLP and RSM. � Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Surface Roughness Prediction in High Speed Turning of Ti-6Al-4V: A Comparison of Techniques
(Institute of Physics Publishing helen.craven@iop.org, 2018) D'Mello, D.; Srinivasa Pai, P.; Puneet, N.P.
Surface finish of machined products is important and plays an important role in ascertaining its quality and other attributes. Surface roughness of difficult to machine materials like titanium alloys are difficult to model due to several factors influencing it. This study makes an attempt to compare the performance of a statistical technique, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and two Artificial Neural Network (ANN) techniques namely Multi Layered Perceptron (MLP) and Radial Basis Function Neural Network (RBFNN) to model and predict the surface roughness parameters Ra and Rt in high speed turning of Ti-6Al-4V. Experiments have been carried out using uncoated carbide inserts under dry condition. The input parameters for the modeling studies include cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut. This work also makes use of tool wear and cutting tool vibration (Vy) which are uncontrollable parameters as the inputs for modeling studies. The ANOVA analysis has revealed that feed rate and cutting tool vibrations are the most significant parameters affecting Rt and cutting speed and vibrations affect Ra. A comparison between the modeling techniques revealed that RBFNN performed better in terms of prediction accuracy when compared to MLP and RSM. Â© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Synthesis, characterization and selection of optimal constituents of magnetorheological fluid for damper application
(National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research, 2025) Acharya, S.; Puneet, N.P.; Desai, R.M.; Sundaram, V.; Kumar, H.
Magnetorheological (MR) dampers are a category of energy dissipating devices that employ magnetorheological fluids which undergoes drastic change in its behaviour under the presence of magnetic stimulus. The damping characteristics of an MR damper predominantly depends on the dimensions of damper and on the constituents of MR fluid (MRF). In this work, an optimal MRF composition suitable for a monotube MR damper has been selected from six prepared MRF based on optimization. Initially, MR damper piston dimensions have been obtained by means of optimization. The damper has been fabricated and filled with commercial MRF 132DG™ fluid (Lord Corporation) and its performance has been tested. The experimental results have been validated with computational results. In the next part of the study, MRF samples composed of three particle weight fractions of fine and coarse sized iron particles have been synthesized and the rheological properties have been measured and compared with those of commercial MR fluid. The force-displacement characteristics of damper employing synthesized MRF have been determined with and without application of current to damper coil. Finally, by means of Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm, optimum iron particle size and weight fraction have been selected from the pareto front solutions. © 2025, National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research. All rights reserved.
The effect of inclination angle of shock absorber on ride comfort and road holding of two-wheeled vehicle
(American Institute of Physics Inc. subs@aip.org, 2020) Hegale, A.; Puneet, N.P.; Kumar, H.; Gangadharan, K.V.
The main purpose of shock absorber assembled in a vehicle is for ride comfort of passengers and better control of moving vehicle by driver. The shock absorber is assembled in between vehicle body known as sprung mass and a combine mass of wheel and suspension known as unsprung mass. In the present work, the effect of inclination angle of shock absorber on ride comfort and road holding of two-wheeled vehicle has been analyzed. For this study, a commercial viscous damper of a two-wheeled vehicle is characterized for different frequency and sinusoidal stroke to find the damper characteristics. A linear curve is fitted for the maximum velocity versus damping force for rebound and compression region. The fitted curve and a bump road profile used to analyze the ride comfort and road holding of the two-wheeled vehicle for three different inclination angles made by shock absorber. The stiffness of suspension increases due to the inclination which influences the ride comfort and road holding. Â© 2020 Author(s).