Browsing by Author "Prabhu, T.R."

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Effect of zinc and rare-earth element addition on mechanical, corrosion, and biological properties of magnesium
(2018) Kottuparambil, R.R.; Bontha, S.; Rangarasaiah, R.M.; Arya, S.B.; Jana, A.; Das, M.; Balla, V.K.; Amrithalingam, S.; Prabhu, T.R.
The present work aims to understand the effect of zinc and rare-earth element addition (i.e., 2 wt% Gd, 2 wt% Dy, and 2 wt% of Gd and Nd individually) on the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, in vitro corrosion behavior, and cytotoxicity of Mg for biomedical application. The microstructure results indicate that the Mg-Zn-Gd alloy consists of the lamellar long period stacking ordered phase. The electrochemical and immersion corrosion behavior were studied in Hanks balanced salt solution. Enhanced corrosion resistance with reduced hydrogen evolution volume and magnesium (Mg2+) ion release were estimated for the Mg-Zn-Gd alloy as compared to the other two alloy systems. At the early stage of corrosion, formation of the oxide film inhibited the corrosion propagation. However, at the later stages, the breaking of the oxide film leads to shallow pitting mode of corrosion. The ultimate tensile strength of Mg-Zn-Gd-Nd is better than the other two alloys due to the uniform distribution of the Mg12Nd precipitate phase. The moderate strength in the Mg-Zn-Gd alloy is due to the low volume fraction of the secondary phase. The MTT (methylthiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay study was carried out to understand the cell cytotoxicity on the alloy surfaces. Studies revealed that all three alloys had significant cellular adherence and no adverse effect on cells. 2018 Materials Research Society.
Effect of zinc and rare-earth element addition on mechanical, corrosion, and biological properties of magnesium
(Cambridge University Press, 2018) Kottuparambil, R.R.; Bontha, S.; Ramesh, M.R.; Arya, S.; Jana, A.; Das, M.; Balla, V.K.; Amrithalingam, S.; Prabhu, T.R.
The present work aims to understand the effect of zinc and rare-earth element addition (i.e., 2 wt% Gd, 2 wt% Dy, and 2 wt% of Gd and Nd individually) on the microstructure evolution, mechanical properties, in vitro corrosion behavior, and cytotoxicity of Mg for biomedical application. The microstructure results indicate that the Mg-Zn-Gd alloy consists of the lamellar long period stacking ordered phase. The electrochemical and immersion corrosion behavior were studied in Hanks balanced salt solution. Enhanced corrosion resistance with reduced hydrogen evolution volume and magnesium (Mg2+) ion release were estimated for the Mg-Zn-Gd alloy as compared to the other two alloy systems. At the early stage of corrosion, formation of the oxide film inhibited the corrosion propagation. However, at the later stages, the breaking of the oxide film leads to shallow pitting mode of corrosion. The ultimate tensile strength of Mg-Zn-Gd-Nd is better than the other two alloys due to the uniform distribution of the Mg12Nd precipitate phase. The moderate strength in the Mg-Zn-Gd alloy is due to the low volume fraction of the secondary phase. The MTT (methylthiazoldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay study was carried out to understand the cell cytotoxicity on the alloy surfaces. Studies revealed that all three alloys had significant cellular adherence and no adverse effect on cells. © 2018 Materials Research Society.
Fretting wear behavior on LPBF processed AlSi10Mg alloy for different heat treatment conditions
(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2024) Nanjundaiah, R.S.; Rao, S.S.; Praveenkumar, K.; Prabhu, T.R.; Shettigar, A.K.; Gowdru Chandrashekarappa, M.; Linul, E.
To widen the industrial application of additively manufactured (AM) parts, the study of fretting wear behavior is essential, as it ensures the safety and reliability that drive innovation in design and materials. This study explores the fretting wear behavior of the as-built and heat-treated state of AlSi10Mg alloy fabricated, viz., laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). Initially, the as-built and T5, T6, and stress-relieved (SR) heat-treated samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to gain insights into the microstructural changes. The as-built samples exhibited a higher hardness level (135 HV) primarily due to the presence of very fine microstructure of the α-Al cellular matrix with embedded Si. The α-Al cellular structure dissolved with various heat treatments, and Si particles coarsened. The hardness decreased to 85, 79, and 67 HV for the T5, T6, and SR conditions, respectively. Subsequently, fretting tests were conducted on the samples, applying various normal loads of 10, 50, and 100 N. Further, the samples were characterized by the coefficient of friction (COF), worn surface morphology, and wear volume loss. The investigation showed that the as-built material showed less wear volume loss under all loading conditions than the heat-treated conditions. Furthermore, the T5 heat treated sample had a lower wear volume when compared to the T6 and SR heat-treated samples. The heat-treated sample exhibits compressive stress, whereas the LPBF processed, the as-built sample shows tensile stress. © 2024 The Authors
The effect of heat treatment on the mechanical and tribological properties of dual size SiC reinforced A357 matrix composites
(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2020) Avinash, A.; Prabhu, T.R.; Babu, U.S.; Koppad, P.G.; Gupta, M.; Krishna, M.; Bontha, S.
In the present work, the effect of aging temperature and particle size ratio of SiC particles on the mechanical and tribological properties of A357 composites reinforced with dual particle size SiC were investigated. The composites were prepared by melt-stirring assisted permanent mold casting technique with different weight fractions (3% coarse +3% fine, 4% coarse +2% fine, and 2% coarse +4% fine) of large and small size SiC particles. These three prepared composites are referred as DPS1, DPS2 and DPS3 composites. The solutionizing temperature was maintained constant at 540 ?C for 9 h while the aging was done at 160 ?C, 180 ?C and 200 ?C (T6 treatment) for 6 h. Optical and scanning electron microscopy studies showed fairly uniform dispersion of dual size SiC particles in A357 matrix with good interfacial bonding. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy images showed formation of uniformly dispersed needle-like phase and spherical shaped -Mg2Si precipitates under peak aging conditions. Compared to T6 treated A357 alloy, the T6 treated DPS A357 composites showed improved yield strength, tensile strength, hardness and wear resistance. Among the three composites, hardness and wear resistance of T6 treated DPS2 composite was found to be significantly higher when compared to the other two composites (DPS1 and DPS3). Ratio of large particles to small particles also seems to effect the mechanical and tribological properties. Presence of more small particles was found to be good for strength and ductility whereas more large particles were found to be good for hardness and wear resistance. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
Tribological Behaviour of Graphite-Reinforced FeNiCrCuMo High-Entropy Alloy Self-Lubricating Composites for Aircraft Braking Energy Applications
(2019) Prabhu, T.R.; Arivarasu, M.; Chodancar, Y.; Arivazhagan, N.; Sumanth, G.; Mishra, R.K.
In the present study, the graphite-reinforced FeNiCrCuMo high-entropy alloy-based self-lubricating composites are fabricated through the powder metallurgy. The sintering temperatures (900 and 1000��C) are varied to study the densification and properties of the composites. The composites are characterized for microstructure, density, and hardness. The brake performance of the composites is evaluated for the braking condition of a military aircraft. The microstructure consists of two phases: one phase (lamella structure) rich with the Fe, Cr, C, and Cu and another white phase rich with the Ni, Cu, C, and Fe along with the uniformly distributed graphite. The EDS analysis confirms the presence of Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Mo in the matrix. The composite sintered at 1000��C shows improved densification, high hardness, high wear resistance, and excellent braking performance. With the increase of braking energy (speed), the wear rate increases due to the increased intensity of abrasive wear, oxidation wear, and plastic deformation-assisted wear, whereas the friction coefficient has not changed much. Low porosity content and mild abrasive wear are responsible for the high wear resistance in the composite sintered at 1000��C. Compared to the C/C, C/SiC C/C/SiC composites and Fe- or Cu-based composites, the high-entropy alloy-based composites show great potential for improved braking properties in the high-energy braking applications. � 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Tribological Behaviour of Graphite-Reinforced FeNiCrCuMo High-Entropy Alloy Self-Lubricating Composites for Aircraft Braking Energy Applications
(Springer New York LLC barbara.b.bertram@gsk.com, 2019) Prabhu, T.R.; Arivarasu, M.; Chodancar, Y.; Arivazhagan, N.; Cadambi, G.; Mishra, R.K.
In the present study, the graphite-reinforced FeNiCrCuMo high-entropy alloy-based self-lubricating composites are fabricated through the powder metallurgy. The sintering temperatures (900 and 1000 °C) are varied to study the densification and properties of the composites. The composites are characterized for microstructure, density, and hardness. The brake performance of the composites is evaluated for the braking condition of a military aircraft. The microstructure consists of two phases: one phase (lamella structure) rich with the Fe, Cr, C, and Cu and another white phase rich with the Ni, Cu, C, and Fe along with the uniformly distributed graphite. The EDS analysis confirms the presence of Fe, Cr, Ni, Cu, and Mo in the matrix. The composite sintered at 1000 °C shows improved densification, high hardness, high wear resistance, and excellent braking performance. With the increase of braking energy (speed), the wear rate increases due to the increased intensity of abrasive wear, oxidation wear, and plastic deformation-assisted wear, whereas the friction coefficient has not changed much. Low porosity content and mild abrasive wear are responsible for the high wear resistance in the composite sintered at 1000 °C. Compared to the C/C, C/SiC C/C/SiC composites and Fe- or Cu-based composites, the high-entropy alloy-based composites show great potential for improved braking properties in the high-energy braking applications. © 2019, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.