Browsing by Author "Mohammad, A.W."

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A Review of Diverse Membrane Materials for Haemodialysis
(CRC Press, 2023) Pallavi, K.C.; Isloor, A.M.; Kumar, S.M.; Mohammad, A.W.
The kidney is a principal organ of the body which clarifies the uremic toxins and other metabolites from the blood. It can start malfunctioning due to various health conditions, in which case the process of extracorporeal blood purification - the haemodialysis - comes into focus. An efficient membrane is the heart of any dialysis technique. Selection of a proper dialysis membrane relies mainly on the material biocompatibility, toxin rejection, and antifouling profile. Many bio-derived polymers such as chitosan, cellulose acetate, and polylactic acid have been found to be attractive in terms of outstanding cytocompatibility. The existing low-range mechanical robustness of bio-derived polymeric substrates can be facilitated by the immobilization of membrane through use of nanoparticles. Polyetherimide, polyether sulfone, poly(vinylidene fluoride), and polysulfone which belong to the synthetic polymers are also utilized as dialysis membrane materials. Modifiers or nanostructured particles such as bioactive glass, anticoagulant-natured heparin, some copolymers, graphene oxide, and many more are incorporated into a membrane for its integration in terms of cytocompatibility, hydrophilicity, selective rejection, good permeation. and antifouling characteristics. The membrane-blood compatibility is assessed with respect to the lowered adhesion of platelets and proteins, long durable plasma recalcification time, reduced thrombus formation, and haemolysis proportion. A wide variety of polymer recipes have been developed for the fabrication of haemodialysis membranes. This chapter traces the various distinctive attempts made by researchers that have been appreciable in developing a potent haemodialysis membrane set-up. © 2024 selection and editorial matter, Anil Kumar Pabby; S. Ranil Wickramasinghe; and Ana- Maria Sastre; individual chapters, the contributors.
Investigation of succinic acid recovery from aqueous solution and fermentation broth using polyimide nanofiltration membrane
(2017) Zaman, N.K.; Rohani, R.; Mohammad, A.W.; Isloor, A.M.; Jahim, J.M.
A newly fabricated (PI) P84 NF membrane was introduced in this work for overcoming the separation challenges of bio-based succinic acid recovery. PI membranes were fabricated at different polymer concentrations and membrane thicknesses. The inherent properties of the membranes were evaluated using salt rejection, FESEM, a porometer, AFM and the surface zeta potential. The performances of PI membrane for succinic recovery were investigated from a simulated fermentation broth and an actual broth, consisting of succinate, formate, and acetate. The effect of various process conditions of different feed concentrations, pressures, stirring speeds and different concentration ratios of divalent to monovalent ions were investigated. From the results, 20wt% PI membrane was successfully fabricated with average pore size diameter of 0.23nm, and Na2SO4 rejection of 80%. This membrane also exhibited high succinate rejection of 89-96% with a simulated broth, and that the rejection performance improved with increasing pressure and low feed concentration. Meanwhile, the succinate selectivity was improved by 20-51% with the increase in the stirring speed and the ratio of the divalent to monovalent ionic solute concentrations. With the actual broth, 92% succinate rejection was achieved, which was comparable to the rejection performance of the commercial membranes such as NF1 membrane. The membrane also showed excellent chemical stability in the broth based on the consistent FTIR and contact angle before and after the filtration. It can be concluded that the PI P84-based membrane has a great potential in applications for organic acids salts separation and recovery. 2017 Elsevier Ltd.
Investigation of succinic acid recovery from aqueous solution and fermentation broth using polyimide nanofiltration membrane
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020) Khairul Zaman, N.K.; Rohani, R.; Mohammad, A.W.; Isloor, A.M.; Jahim, J.M.
A newly fabricated (PI) P84 NF membrane was introduced in this work for overcoming the separation challenges of bio-based succinic acid recovery. PI membranes were fabricated at different polymer concentrations and membrane thicknesses. The inherent properties of the membranes were evaluated using salt rejection, FESEM, a porometer, AFM and the surface zeta potential. The performances of PI membrane for succinic recovery were investigated from a simulated fermentation broth and an actual broth, consisting of succinate, formate, and acetate. The effect of various process conditions of different feed concentrations, pressures, stirring speeds and different concentration ratios of divalent to monovalent ions were investigated. From the results, 20wt% PI membrane was successfully fabricated with average pore size diameter of 0.23nm, and Na2SO4 rejection of 80%. This membrane also exhibited high succinate rejection of 89-96% with a simulated broth, and that the rejection performance improved with increasing pressure and low feed concentration. Meanwhile, the succinate selectivity was improved by 20-51% with the increase in the stirring speed and the ratio of the divalent to monovalent ionic solute concentrations. With the actual broth, 92% succinate rejection was achieved, which was comparable to the rejection performance of the commercial membranes such as NF1 membrane. The membrane also showed excellent chemical stability in the broth based on the consistent FTIR and contact angle before and after the filtration. It can be concluded that the PI P84-based membrane has a great potential in applications for organic acids salts separation and recovery. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd.
New inorganic membranes for gas separations which are stated above the Robeson’s trade-off upper bound
(Elsevier, 2023) Pallavi, K.C.; Isloor, A.M.; Mohammad, A.W.
Gas isolation and separation methods are very precious among the operations in the industry related to oil and gas. Conventional methods involve huge extent of energy and less performance. Inorganic membranes possess excellent chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability compared to any other conventional counterparts. Very fast and attractive progresses have been found regarding inorganic membrane material modeling and development, fabrication method, control over microstructure, and optimization. Various zeolite, silica, and carbon-derived membranes are found effective in gas separations such as natural gas isolation, helium extraction, carbon dioxide capture, hydrocarbon separations, and many more. Because of the good stability, high separation performance, nonvolatility, and designable properties of the inorganic membranes, they have been rendered as novel potential candidates and alternative media for gas separation. This content enables to find out the new developments happened in the domain of inorganic membranes utilized in gas separation which stay above the Robeson’s boundary. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Polyimide-graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane: Characterizations and application in enhanced high concentration salt removal
(2018) Zaman, N.K.; Rohani, R.; Mohammad, A.W.; Isloor, A.M.
A membrane usually suffers from a reduction in membrane rejection performance when exposed to a concentrated salt solution. A fabricated polyimide (PI)/graphene oxide (GO) mixed matrix membrane (MMM) was prepared at different GO/PI concentrations (ranging from 0 to 3.5 wt%) to investigate membrane performance in diluted and concentrated salt solutions. Results showed that the MMM possess nanofiltration (NF) properties with high water permeability and excellent salt rejection (99%) in diluted conditions regardless of the applied filtration pressure. The water and permeate permeability increased with the increase in GO content. Interestingly, for concentrated salt solutions, PI/GO MMM only showed at most 4% reduction in rejection, unlike in pure PI membrane, which experienced 16% reduction. A higher amorphous region of the MMM compared to the pure PI in salt solutions was found through XRD. The ionization of GO increases the amorphous structure thus enhances the effective thickness of membrane maintaining the MMM rejection performance. 0.9 wt% GO/PI in MMM showed the highest rejection (98%) in 0.15 M Na2SO4. The presence of GO with its unique properties and highly porous structure was found to retain the membrane rejection properties, especially in concentrated solution. 2017 Elsevier Ltd
Polyimide-graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane: Characterizations and application in enhanced high concentration salt removal
(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Khairul Zaman, N.K.; Rohani, R.; Mohammad, A.W.; Isloor, A.M.
A membrane usually suffers from a reduction in membrane rejection performance when exposed to a concentrated salt solution. A fabricated polyimide (PI)/graphene oxide (GO) mixed matrix membrane (MMM) was prepared at different GO/PI concentrations (ranging from 0 to 3.5 wt%) to investigate membrane performance in diluted and concentrated salt solutions. Results showed that the MMM possess nanofiltration (NF) properties with high water permeability and excellent salt rejection (99%) in diluted conditions regardless of the applied filtration pressure. The water and permeate permeability increased with the increase in GO content. Interestingly, for concentrated salt solutions, PI/GO MMM only showed at most 4% reduction in rejection, unlike in pure PI membrane, which experienced 16% reduction. A higher amorphous region of the MMM compared to the pure PI in salt solutions was found through XRD. The ionization of GO increases the amorphous structure thus enhances the effective thickness of membrane maintaining the MMM rejection performance. 0.9 wt% GO/PI in MMM showed the highest rejection (98%) in 0.15 M Na2SO4. The presence of GO with its unique properties and highly porous structure was found to retain the membrane rejection properties, especially in concentrated solution. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd