Browsing by Author "Lenka, N."

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    Development of electrospun scaffolds for bone regeneration from strontium-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2025) Murugesan, S.; Patil, H.G.; Deshmukh, B.K.; N, S.; Asokan, A.; Mohapatra, A.; Lenka, N.; Anandhan, S.
    Strontium based biomaterials have gained importance in bone tissue regeneration due to their incredible osteoinductivity and differentiation ability. In this study, strontium-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods [SrHAp, Ca9Sr(PO4)6(OH)2] were synthesized by the coprecipitation method. Subsequently, electrospun fibrous scaffolds were fabricated from thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU) dispersed with SrHAp nanorods. The loading of SrHAp nanorods in TPU was varied from 1 wt% to 7 wt% in steps of 2. Morphology of electrospun fibrous scaffolds and the dispersion of nanorods in the TPU matrix were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy, and elemental mapping by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, respectively. The scaffolds exhibited 3D interconnected network structure with well-distributed pores. The SrHAp nanorods were observed to be smoothly dispersed in the polymer matrix in the scaffolds using elemental mapping and transmission electron microscopy. The newly developed scaffolds exhibited adequate mechanical strength combined with good biocompatibility and excellent biomineralization characteristics. Further, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay of the electrospun scaffolds against gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (gMSCs) revealed excellent survival and growth rate of the cells. In addition, the osteoinductivity study using gMSCs confirms the better osteodifferentiation in the scaffold containing 5 wt% SrHAp compared with its counterparts by showing the expressions of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin (OCN) and RUNX2. Among all the compositions, the one with 3 wt% SrHAp loading demonstrated promising results in terms of fiber uniformity, improved mechanical properties, and enhanced cell viability. Thus, the SrHAp/TPU scaffolds developed in this study have the potential for use in bone tissue regeneration. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd
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    Probing the influence of strontium doping and annealing temperature on the structure and biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite nanorods
    (Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024) Patil, H.G.; Rajendran, A.; Lenka, N.; Kumar, B.S.; Murugesan, S.; Anandhan, S.
    Among numerous biologically important metal cations, strontium (Sr2+) has received much attention in bone tissue regeneration because of its osteoinductive properties combined with its ability to inhibit osteoclast activity. In this study, strontium-doped hydroxyapatite (Sr-HAp) nanorods with varying molar ratios of Ca : Sr (10 : 0, 9 : 1, 5 : 5, 3 : 7 and 0 : 10) were synthesized using the chemical precipitation technique. The synthesized Sr-HAp nanostructures were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies to understand their structural and morphological features, and composition. XRD results revealed the formation of HAp nanostructures, whose unit cell volume increased as a function of the dopant level. The reaction process investigation showed the formation of hydroxyapatite (HAp), strontium apatite (SAp) and various Sr-HAp phases. FESEM micrographs displayed the morphological transformation of Sr-HAp from nanorods to nanosheets upon increasing the dopant level. In the FTIR spectra, the bands of the PO43− group shifted towards a lower wavenumber upon increasing the dopant concentration in Sr-HAp that signifies the structural distortion due to the presence of a large amount of strontium ions. The peaks of PO43− and OH− vibrations in the Raman spectra were further analysed to corroborate the structural distortion of Sr-HAp. Selected area electron diffraction patterns obtained using TEM reveal the reduced crystallinity of Sr-HAp due to Sr-doping, which is in line with the XRD results. Finally, the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay showed that the synthesized Sr-HAp has no toxic effect on the survival and growth of mesenchymal stem cells. In summary, the synthesized novel Sr-HAp nanorods exhibit great promise for bone tissue engineering applications. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.