Browsing by Author "Kumble, V."

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    Assessment of rainfall interception, soil moisture dynamics and seasonal headwaters in a micro-catchment of Western ghats
    (Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2023) Narayana, P.; Kumble, V.
    The aim of this study is to assess the canopy rainfall interception, surface detention storage, and soil moisture fluctuation in a micro-catchment of a coffee plantation. Field measurements were carried out using 15 funnel-type ordinary rain gauges in an experimental area of 30 m × 30 m to measure the rainfall passing through the upper and lower canopy to estimate interception and throughfall. Rain gauges were placed at different locations to account for variability in net rainfall falling over the catchment. Throughfall measurements were compared with Gross rainfall measurements taken in an open space near to the plot. The overall ratio of the average of net ground precipitation to gross rainfall measured at the open space for the season was 0.82. Analysis for different rainfall intensities showed that lower-intensity rainfall contributes a higher fraction of the rainfall to interception loss. Site-specific field-based equations have been developed to convert the rainfall into throughfall for the agrarian basins of coffee plantations. Soil moisture depletion data revealed that the upper layer of the soil responds to rainfall and atmospheric demand quickly, compared to the deeper soil layers. Thick soil layers require a longer duration to reach field capacities and contribute significant amounts of the flow in seasonal/low-order streams. The discharge measurements after two months of continuous rainfall revealed that soils in plantation fields reach saturation during the monsoon season and release water to maintain flow in non-perennial streams after the monsoon season ends. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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    Toward Selection and Improving the Performance of the SWAT Hydrological Model: A Review
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2024) Yashas Kumar, H.K.Y.; Kumble, V.
    In watershed hydrology, it is challenging to physically monitor various aspects that influence the hydrological processes. To quantify these watershed processes in a basin with changing spatial and temporal characteristics, public domain hydrological models incorporating inverse modeling are considered. The quantified processes aid in the decision-making, design, and development of hydrological units. But the first confusion that arises in modeling these processes is which hydrological model should be considered and what methods should be adopted to quantify the best hydrological parameters. Even though a best model is considered hydrologists assumption of parameter insensitivity and uniqueness over varying climatic conditions and space, the conditionality of model calibration with unique technique and performance indicator is prone to the poor performance of the model. Betterment of model performance can be achieved by switching parameters sensitive to varying climatic conditions and reprieving the conditionality of model calibration. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to review (i) different hydrological models available around the globe, (ii) the selection criteria for the hydrological model and the superiority of the SWAT model, (iii) the description of the SWAT model, followed by sensitivity analysis and calibration techniques involved in SWAT output, and (iv) summaries of season-based SWAT evaluation. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.