Browsing by Author "Kumar, S.P."

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A direct approach towards synthesis of copper nanofluid by one step solution phase method
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Kumar, S.P.; Shenoy, U.S.; Bhat, D.K.
We adopted a simple one step approach to synthesize copper nanofluids by reduction of copper sulphate with fructose. The solution phase synthetic technique led to the formation of copper particles whose size was restricted to the nanodimensions by use of sodium lauryl sulphate. We studied the effect of various parameters on the formation and dispersion of the copper nanoparticles in the base fluid containing a 1:1 mixture of water and ethylene glycol. The resulting Newtonian nanofluid was found to be highly stable with increased thermal conductivity. Thus, the applied technique is found to be simple, economic, and extendable to other class of materials to obtain stable dispersions of nanofluids for heat transfer applications. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.
A green human resource management approach of participation in decision-making and behavioural outcomes – a moderated mediated model
(Emerald Publishing, 2023) Kumar, S.P.; Saha, S.; Anand, A.
Purpose: This study aims to assess the moderating and mediating role of supportive culture (SC) in the relationship between participation in decision-making (PDM) and job satisfaction (JS) and the dimensions of commitment, such as affective commitment (AC), normative commitment (NC) and continuance commitment (CC). Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from 712 employees working in different public sector undertakings (PSUs) across India. Necessary condition analysis and partial least square analysis were used to test the proposed hypotheses. Findings: The findings of the present study indicated that SC is partially mediating the relationship between PDM and JS; PDM and AC. However, SC did not mediate the relationship between PDM and NC; PDM and CC. PDM was positively and significantly related to SC, JS, AC, NC and CC. JS had a significant impact on AC, NC and CC. It is highly desirable for organizations to retain their employees ranging from line managers to top management levels and provide opportunities for everyone to actively use their experience and expertise. Originality/value: The findings have implications for managers, as well as employees in PSUs, as they demonstrate how several work-related factors can be emphasized to maintain employees' commitment and motivation. Until now, India has paid scant attention to the role of SC as a mediator and moderator between PDM, JS and multiple commitments. This study cautiously collected responses from unbiased employees working in a variety of organizational functional units. © 2021, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Antecedents of employee turnover intention in Indian automotive industry
(Serials Publications serialspublications@vsnl.net, 2016) Giri, V.N.; Kumar, S.P.; Rajesh, V.
It is important for any organization to have favorable Human Resource Development Climate (HRDC) at the workplace. Because of changing global business scenario, organizations are facing tough competition. To remain economically viable in such business environment, there is a need for positive HRDC. The present study examines the impact of HRDC, affective organizational commitment, job satisfactionand employee performance on employee turnover intention. Data were collected from 457 employees working in various automotive industries across India. The structural equation modeling technique using Warp PLS 5.0 tool was used to analyze the data. The results reveal that HRDC has a significant role in predicting job satisfaction, employee performance, and affective organizational commitment. In turn, job satisfaction, employee performance, and affective organizational commitment had significant influence on turnover intention of employees. Further, affective organizational commitment shows significant positive relationship with job satisfaction, employee performance. The findings provide an important bearing in framing the HRD system in organizations, which may help HR managers to understand the existing practices in Indian automotive industries to achieve maximum HRD effectiveness.Limitations and implications of the study have been discussed.
Design, synthesis, and characterization of stable copper nanofluid with enhanced thermal conductivity
(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Bhat, D.K.; Kumar, S.P.; Shenoy, U.S.
Nanofluids, which are liquids that contain small particles with dimensions in the nanometer range, have gained significant attention in recent years due to their enhanced thermal properties in various applications such as thermal management and energy conversion. This article aims to provide insights into the design and optimization of copper nanofluid synthesis and it investigates the thermal and rheological properties at varying concentrations of nanoparticles and temperature. The method involves simultaneous use of fructose as reducing agent and polyvinyl pyrrolidone as stabilizing agent to enable synthesis of copper nanofluid from copper sulphate. The resulting Newtonian nanofluid had a stability of 3 months with enhanced thermal conductivity of up to ∼500 % compared to 1:1 mixture of water and ethylene glycol which served as the base fluid. The approach is suitable for producing large volume of nanofluid using cost effective materials. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd
Designing sustainable porous graphene-CaTiO3 nanocomposite for environmental remediation
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Bhat, D.K.; Bantawal, H.; Uma, P.I.; Kumar, S.P.; Shenoy, U.S.
In the pursuit of sustainable energy and environmental solutions, photocatalysis has emerged as a transformative technology, harnessing the power of light to drive chemical transformations. Among the myriad photocatalytic materials, calcium titanate (CaTiO3) stands out as a promising candidate, holding the potential to revolutionize the landscape of photocatalysis. To further improvise the efficiency of CaTiO3 in this work, porous graphene-CaTiO3 nanocomposite was synthesized by a straightforward solvothermal method and its photocatalytic activity was tested for the degradation of methylene blue dye under visible light. The synthesized sample exhibited 98.1% degradation in 40 min with excellent cyclic stability. Experimental and computational analysis attributed the enhanced performance to the strong chemical interaction of CaTiO3 cuboids with PG sheets via Ti-O-C bond which led to efficient electron hole separation leading to enhanced lifetime of the charge carriers. This along with reduced band gap and increased surface area made the material a potent photocatalyst for the degradation of dyes in short duration. © 2024 The Authors
E-recruitment and training comprehensiveness: untapped antecedents of employer branding
(Emerald Group Holdings Ltd., 2019) Mishra, S.; Kumar, S.P.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight e-recruitment and training comprehensiveness as the untapped antecedents of employer branding (EB) in the relevant literature, which might enhance the employer’s knowledge and lead to organisational development. Design/methodology/approach: This study adopts an exploratory conceptual modelling approach based on the extant literature from 1964 to 2017 using the databases of Emerald, EBSCO, Scopus, Proquest, JSTOR and search engines such as Google Scholar to ensure the reliability of the literature. Findings: This paper suggests that e-recruitment and training comprehensiveness might be the untapped antecedents of EB as compared to traditional recruitment and training process explored in earlier studies. Research limitations/implications: The viewpoint can be further refined through academic conceptualisation and empirical validation. Practical implications: This paper lays a conceptual foundation in the emerging area of EB. Ideas expressed herein can be approached by academicians. Originality/value: Past studies have not explored e-recruitment and training comprehensiveness as the antecedents of EB. This work provides knowledge that candidly contributes to the conceptualisation of e-recruitment and training comprehensiveness. Further, this research has the potential to help academicians to understand the antecedents of EB leading to organisational development. © 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Empirical validation of dimensionality of quality of work life in India
(Serials Publications scienti@sancharnet.in, 2016) Saha, S.; Kumar, S.P.
Purpose - Quality of work life is a unique and distinctive construct that is highly valued in organizations. The purpose of this paper is to identify the dimensions of quality of work life from Indian perspective. Design/methodology/approach - Exploratory factor analysis was employed to identify the constituent dimensions suitable to measure quality of work life. Confirmatory factor analysis was then performed on these identified dimensions and their items to check validity, reliability and dimensionality and determine a factor structure. Findings - Results obtained suggested a three-dimensional conceptualization of quality of work life with twelve items. The dimensions identified are entitled as quality of work life with health and safety (QWLHS), family and pay (QWLFP) and knowledge (QWLK). Research limitations/implications - The findings can benefit managers at an operational level. They can make their employees work effectively with focus to improve every smallest aspect of work life. Originality/value - This paper is the first of its kind to conduct exploratory factor analysis followed by confirmatory factor analysis to identify a three-factor quality of work life conceptualization in Indian context.
Enhancing the thermal conductivity and stability of cuprous oxide nanofluids: Ribose-mediated single step chemical synthesis for solar energy applications
(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Bhat, D.K.; Kumar, S.P.; Shenoy, U.S.
The efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panels can be compromised by rising temperatures, prompting extensive research into thermal management strategies aimed at maximizing power output. Recently, there has been growing interest in using nanofluids to enhance the cooling efficiency of photovoltaic thermoelectric generator (PV-TEG) systems compared to conventional water cooling. This underscores the potential of investigating innovative synthetic methods to improve the thermal conductivity and stability of nanofluids. We employed a simple straightforward method to synthesize cuprous oxide nanofluid. This solution-based technique constrains formation of cuprous oxide particles to the nanoscale dimensions using cetylammonium bromide as capping agent. Our investigation delved into the impact of various parameters on the formation and dispersion of nanoparticles within a base fluid comprised of a 1:1 mixture of water and ethylene glycol. The resulting nanofluid exhibited Newtonian behaviour and demonstrated remarkable stability of 9 months, accompanied by a notable increase in thermal conductivity upto 3.59 W m-1 K-1. This meticulous approach has proven to be not only straightforward and dependable but also efficient for the rapid synthesis of highly stable Newtonian nanofluids overcoming the complexities associated with traditional two-step processes and could be extended to other metal oxide nanofluids. Beyond its economic appeal, the nanofluid's improved thermal properties and stability position it for diverse applications requiring efficient heat transfer. © 2024
Fructose-mediated single-step synthesis of copper nanofluids with enhanced stability and thermal conductivity for advanced heat transfer applications
(Taylor and Francis Ltd., 2025) Bhat, D.K.; Kumar, S.P.; Shenoy, U.S.
A precisely controlled solution-phase approach was employed to synthesize copper nanofluid through the reduction of copper sulfate by fructose in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, utilizing a mixture of water and ethylene glycol in 1:1 ratio as the base fluid. We delved into the nanofluid’s thermal conductivity and rheological properties, with a keen interest on particle size and reaction rates that exhibited significant sensitivity to variations in reaction parameters. The homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles in the base fluid resulted in an augmentation of thermal conductivity to 2.31 Wm?1K?1 for particle loading fraction of 0.19%, with a never before achieved stability of 9 months. This method has proven to be not only straightforward and dependable but also efficient for the rapid synthesis of highly stable Newtonian nanofluids, underscoring the nanofluid’s potential for highly powerful cooling applications. © 2024 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Identification of critical success factors for leveraging Industry 4.0 technology and research agenda: a systematic literature review using PRISMA protocol
(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Sahoo, P.; Kumar, S.P.; Uchil, R.
Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify existing and common critical success factors adapted for implementing Industry 4.0 technology, which is essential to survive in the vulnerability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA) environment by using systematic literature review (SLR) methodology with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and content analysis strategy. Design/methodology/approach: The SLR methodology with the PRISMA and content analysis strategy adapted to review 74 papers in peer-reviewed academic journals and industry reports published from 2014 to 2021. Findings: Based on a review of relevant literature, two theoretical contributions have been added to the literature on Industry 4.0. First, this review reveals that 35 (47%) out of total 74 studies assessing the Industry 4.0 implementation in the manufacturing industry, the service industry can also create value through Industry 4.0 implementation, with a lot of potential to increase productivity, which literature has not explicitly focused on. Second, this paper proposes the 12 most common critical factors (training and development, organizational culture, top management support, organizational structure, innovation capability, technological infrastructure, security system, standardization of procedures, financial resources, communication and cooperation, change management and governance) that can be considered as the significant critical factors for successful implementation of Industry 4.0. Originality/value: The novelty part related to methodological perspective by using the PRISMA approach for systematic review, which cannot be found extensively in existing literature in the context of the Industry 4.0 phenomenon to analyze critical factors. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Identification of critical success factors for leveraging Industry 4.0 technology and research agenda: aÂ systematic literature review using PRISMA protocol
(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Sahoo, P.; Kumar, S.P.; Uchil, R.
Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify existing and common critical success factors adapted for implementing Industry 4.0 technology, which is essential to survive in the vulnerability, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity (VUCA) environment by using systematic literature review (SLR) methodology with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and content analysis strategy. Design/methodology/approach: The SLR methodology with the PRISMA and content analysis strategy adapted to review 74 papers in peer-reviewed academic journals and industry reports published from 2014 to 2021. Findings: Based on a review of relevant literature, two theoretical contributions have been added to the literature on Industry 4.0. First, this review reveals that 35 (47%) out of total 74 studies assessing the Industry 4.0 implementation in the manufacturing industry, the service industry can also create value through Industry 4.0 implementation, with a lot of potential to increase productivity, which literature has not explicitly focused on. Second, this paper proposes the 12 most common critical factors (training and development, organizational culture, top management support, organizational structure, innovation capability, technological infrastructure, security system, standardization of procedures, financial resources, communication and cooperation, change management and governance) that can be considered as the significant critical factors for successful implementation of Industry 4.0. Originality/value: The novelty part related to methodological perspective by using the PRISMA approach for systematic review, which cannot be found extensively in existing literature in the context of the Industry 4.0 phenomenon to analyze critical factors. Â© 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.
In-situ synthesis of cuprous oxide nanofluid using ribose for enhanced thermal conductivity and stability
(Elsevier B.V., 2024) Bhat, D.K.; Kumar, S.P.; Shenoy, U.S.
Enhancing the thermal properties of conventional heat transfer fluids represents a significant technological challenge. In this context, nanofluids have emerged as a promising solution, emphasizing the need for simpler and more convenient synthesis methods. This study introduces a novel, eco-friendly, one-step synthesis method, overcoming the complexities of traditional two-step processes. The resulting nanofluid generated by using ribose as a reducing agent, consists of cuprous oxide particles at the nano scale, and the fluid itself exhibits Newtonian behavior. With an impressive thermal conductivity of 3.052 W m−1 K−1, the nanofluid exhibits stability for a noteworthy 4-month duration, achieved through the strategic addition of sodium lauryl sulfate. This breakthrough positions the nanofluid as a compelling option for diverse applications in thermal energy storage and management. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.
Influence of government financial incentives on electric car adoption: empirical evidence from India
(Emerald Publishing, 2024) Ansab, K.V.; Kumar, S.P.
Purpose: Electric cars have very little market share in developing countries despite their environmental benefits. Thus, governments have started promoting electric cars by providing financial incentives to consumers. The current article aims to examine the direct and indirect effects of government financial incentives on consumer electric car adoption in India. Design/methodology/approach: The study followed a quantitative research method that employed a self-administered survey questionnaire. Structural Equation Modelling and Multi-Group Analysis were followed for data analysis. Findings: The study revealed that financial incentives have an indirect effect on electric car adoption intention rather than a direct effect. In addition, financial incentives were found to have a direct effect on attitude and Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC). Attitude and PBC positively influenced consumer adoption intention. Practical implications: The insights and implications from the present study would help policymakers and marketers to formulate better incentive policies and market strategies to increase consumer acceptance of electric cars in developing countries. Originality/value: The study contributes to the literature by analysing the underlying mechanism that links government financial incentives to electric car adoption intention. This study also explored the direct effect of financial incentives on attitude and PBC, which are less investigated in electric vehicle literature. In addition, the present article also assessed the moderating role of age in electric car adoption, which has mixed evidence in the literature, and such studies are scarce in the Indian context. © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Influence of Trust and Participation in Decision Making on Employee Attitudes in Indian Public Sector Undertakings
(SAGE Publications Inc. claims@sagepub.com, 2017) Kumar, S.P.; Saha, S.
Trust is an important component that needs to be present among individuals. Survey data from 712 managerial employees from public sector undertakings were used to examine the effects of trust and participation in decision making on attitudinal outcomes. Results indicate that trust is significantly related to job satisfaction, group commitment, and affective commitment. Participation in decision making is a predictor of job satisfaction and affective commitment, but it did not predict group commitment. Job satisfaction significantly influences group commitment and affective commitment. Group commitment predicts affective commitment and acts as a mediator between job satisfaction and affective commitment. These findings suggest that managers need to facilitate trust and active participation among employees by taking their opinions on different work aspects. Organizations that allow employees’ participation in decision making and are perceived as trustworthy have employees who exhibit more attachment and identification with their organization. © 2017, © The Author(s) 2017.
Influence of University teachers’ job satisfaction on subjective well-being and job performance
(Rajarambapu Institute Of Technology, 2022) Kumar, S.P.
Research previously found a direct relationship between job satisfaction (JS) and employee job performance (JP). However, the literature reveals that the influence of intervening variables such as employee subjective well-being (SWB) might have an impact on job satisfaction and job performance relationship. Broaden-and-build model as the theoretical base, a conceptual model was developed where SWB moderates the relation between JS and JP. One unique addition of the study is the introduction of Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). Three hundred and ninety-five teachers working for private engineering institutions participated in the study. Results revealed that teachers job satisfaction predicts job performance directly and also through subjective well-being. It show that more satisfied teachers are more likely to show increased job performance when they are experiencing low level and a moderate level of subjective well-being. NCA scatterplots and bottleneck analysis prove the necessity of JS and SWB to predict JP. © 2022, Rajarambapu Institute Of Technology. All rights reserved.
Nurturing Research Mindset through Undergraduate Research Experience (URE) and Mentoring in Engineering Institutions
(Rajarambapu Institute Of Technology, 2025) Kirupa Priyadarsini, M.; Kumar, S.P.
Engineering research in India in its current state highlights the need for a research on the impact on Research Experience (especially at the Undergraduate level) and Mentoring Effectiveness on research mindset. The comparatively low percentage of scholarly research, the introduction of 4-year research degree and a direct PhD call for inculcating a research culture and research mindset at the undergraduate level of engineering education. For students to imbibe a research-oriented mind set, it is essential that there is effective mentorship, their research experiences are enriching, with development of research skills, and leading to personal and professional growth. This research study carried out with engineering students in the final and prefinal years attempts to measure all the five constructs measured above and tries to assess the interplay between the study variables. The sample size was 215 and data was collected using a structured and validated instrument. Suitable hypotheses were formulated and a conceptual framework was designed. The data was analyzed using the smart PLS software tool. The results indicate that out of the seven hypothesis formulated five were accepted. URE had an impact on a student’s research mindset, through research skills enhancement and personal and professional development. Mentoring effectiveness had an impact on the research mindset through development of research skills. The indirect effect of different paths in the conceptual model were also tested. The study results led to drawing insights for improving research mindset through the improvement of research experiences and effective mentorship. © 2025, Rajarambapu Institute Of Technology. All rights reserved.
Organizational culture as a moderator between affective commitment and job satisfaction: Empirical evidence from Indian public sector enterprises
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. Howard House Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, 2018) Saha, S.; Kumar, S.P.
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the moderating role of organizational culture in affective commitment and job satisfaction relationship. Design/methodology/approach: Responses were collected from 712 employees working in nine different Indian central public sector enterprises /state-owned enterprises (SOEs) by using a questionnaire-based survey. Theoretical analysis is based on social exchange theory and managerial grid theory. Data were analyzed by using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Findings: The establishment of organizational culture as a moderator in Indian organizations is unique. This study has utilized data from employees working in different departments of organizations to provide unbiased responses. The results demonstrate that impact of affective commitment on employees’ job satisfaction is moderated by supportive and innovative cultures. Additionally, this research also proves that bureaucratic culture does not play a crucial role in moderating the relationship between organizational commitment and employees’ job satisfaction. Research limitations/implications: Results are relevant to top-level and middle-level management in which people are involved in the governance of the organization, both directly and indirectly. There should be fixed working hours and optimum time management. Due to growing pressure, few employees who have personal obligations toward their families, such as nursing mothers and stressed individuals, should be provided with flexible working hours. In this way, culture can become supportive to cater to different needs of employees. Originality/value: Till date, organizational culture as moderator has received very less attention in India. The establishment of organizational culture as a moderator in Indian SOEs is unique. The results add to the growing literature of commitment from non-western context as this study is based on Indian samples. This study has utilized data from employees working in different departments of organizations to provide unbiased responses. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Pricing decisions during panic buying and its effect on a dual-channel supply chain under different channel power structures
(Palgrave Macmillan, 2024) Raju, S.; Rofin, T.M.; Kumar, S.P.
Uncertain future and fears about the stock-outs will compel the customers to stock goods at home, resulting in panic buying. Even though it is a frequently observed consumer behaviour, there is scant literature in dual-channel supply chain (DCSC) which address this demand disruption. This study analytically models and analyses the impact of panic buying in a DCSC. For that we consider a two-echelon dual-channel supply chain comprising of a manufacturer, brick and mortar store (r-store), and online store (e-store). The interaction between the upstream and downstream channel members is modelled using a Stackelberg game. Further, we examined two models based on the channel power difference between the r-store and e-store, i.e., (i) r-store leader model and (ii) the e-store leader model. We also used Monte-Carlo simulation to deduce corollaries and managerial insights. We found that the Law of demand doesn’t hold during panic buying disruption, and even essential goods act like Veblen goods during the period. Contrary to the expectation, panic buying was also found to be beneficial for the e-store. Counter-intuitive results with respect to the channel power were also obtained in the sense that it is beneficial for the r-store to operate under the leadership of the e-store and vice versa. The study shows that the manufacturer is better off with panic buying. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2023.
Pricing strategies for dual-channel supply chain members under pandemic demand disruptions
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Raju, S.; Rofin, T.M.; Kumar, S.P.
The COVID-19 pandemic created an unprecedented disruption and has checked the robustness of the global supply chains. This article, for the first time, addresses a Dual Channel Supply Chain (DCSC) competition between an upstream manufacturer and downstream traditional retail stores (r-store) and electronic stores (e-store) under pandemic-induced demand disruptions. We employed the Stackelberg game to model the multi-agent interaction among the upstream manufacturer and downstream r-store and e-store. The competitive subgame between r-store and e-store was modelled using a horizontal Nash game, assuming their comparable channel power. To assess the impact of demand disruption, the benchmark pre-pandemic setting was compared against panic buying, lock-down, and post-lock-down situations in alignment with the actual occurrence of events. The optimal pricing strategies and consequent profit functions of all the channel members were derived by conducting an equilibrium analysis. Further, a computational analysis using Monte-Carlo simulation was conducted to obtain managerial insights. The study found that r-store profited the most during the panic buying period, except for high-cost products. On the other hand, the e-store benefited significantly during the post-lock-down period. The lock-down period was unfavorable for both r-store and e-store. Manufacturers achieved maximum profits during panic buying, especially for essential goods. Both lock-down and post-lock-down periods were less favourable for the upstream channel partner. Findings from the study will aid the management practitioners in developing policies to make the DCSC robust during pandemic disruptions. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.
Professional Quality of Life Among Mental Health Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2024) Lobo, R.; Kumar, S.P.; Rofin, T.M.
The professional quality of life (ProQOL) is increasingly applied to nurses and is a measure of the positive and negative aspects of their work. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the level of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress (STS) in empirical studies. Electronic databases Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science were searched on 7th February 2024, and the review followed PRISMA guidelines. The pooled estimate of compassion satisfaction, burnout and secondary traumatic stress mean scores using a random-effects model for meta-analyses was undertaken. R statistical software and the dmetar program were used to execute the analysis. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I2 statistics, while publication bias was evaluated using Egger's regression test. Twenty-four studies (sample size = 4274) were systematically reviewed and 18 studies (n = 3163) were incorporated into the meta-analysis. Burnout, secondary traumatic stress and compassion satisfaction are found to be at moderate levels in this research. The qualitative analysis informs that variables such as healthy lifestyle, work environment and psychological resilience contribute towards optimum ProQOL scores. The pooled mean estimate was 32.79 (95% CI = 29.57â€“36) for compassion satisfaction, 24.99 (95% CI = 23.75â€“26.23) for burnout and 21.99 (95% CI = 18.93â€“25.06) for secondary traumatic stress, respectively. Mental health nurse managers need to address the factors in the work environment and promote interventions to enhance coping with burnout and STS. Subgroup analyses of country-based economies & regions and years revealed significant results. Â© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.