Browsing by Author "Kumar, G.K."

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    Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Window Glazing Materials of Green Energy Building in Indian Climatic Zones
    (2017) Kumar, G.K.; Saboor, S.; Babu, T.P.A.
    Buildings consume plenty of power for providing thermal and visual comfort inside the buildings. This paper aims at presenting the experimental results of spectral optical properties of the most widely used window glazing materials. The window glazing materials studied include clear glazing, bronze glazing, green glazing and grey coloured glazing materials. A Matlab code employing the British standard method was developed to compute transmittance and reflectance of window glasses at normal incidence angle. This code uses experimentally obtained spectral optical property data from Perkin Elmer lambda 950 spectrophotometer for the computation of transmission and reflection of window glasses. A computer program was developed for computing the total solar radiation passing through glass materials. The heat gain through different glass windows of eight coordinal orientations such as east, west, north, south, northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest in four climatic zones of India was investigated. The solar radiation through south oriented glass was found to be the least among all other orientations studied in four Indian climatic zones. The cooling load through south oriented bronze, glass, green glass and grey glass window were reduced by 23%, 31% and 37%, respectively, as compared to the south oriented clear glass window in four climatic zones of India. The grey glass window is observed to be the most energy efficient as it reduces maximum cooling loads within the building as compared to the other considered glazing materials. The results of this paper are helpful in designing energy efficient commercial buildings for reduced cooling loads. � 2017 The Authors.
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    Study of Various Glass Materials to Provide Adequate Day Lighting in Office Buildings of Warm and Humid Climatic Zone in India
    (2017) Kumar, G.K.; Babu, T.P.A.
    A huge amount of energy is attributed to cooling, heating and day lighting in buildings. In the air conditioned space the windows have been closed and the sun control is used to reduce the radiation load. This results in low lumens of light in air conditioned space and demands the artificial lighting and increases the energy consumption for lighting and also the air conditioning load. The objective of this work is to allow the natural sun light through the glass window of same area, and thus less lighting load in the air conditioned space for different climatic conditions. To achieve the objective of the work an investigation of spectral properties of different glass materials such as bronze, green, grey, bronze-reflective, green-reflective and grey-reflective glasses is carried out experimentally using Perkin Elmer lambda 950 Spectrophotometer in the visible solar spectrum region of wavelength range from 380nm-780 nm, to provide optimum daylight factor as per SP: 41 1987 Indian standards to office buildings. The measured spectral properties were used to compute the visible solar properties in the visible region by using British standard method with a MATLAB code. The computed properties transmittance, reflectance and absorbance are used in the simulation tool for daylight calculations. The laterite building models with various window glazing materials were designed in Design builder 4.3.0.039 version tool and day lighting simulation was carried out in Energy plus 8.1.0.009 simulation tool for warm and humid climatic region of India. In this work, total twenty four building models with six window glass materials were investigated in four orientations of window such as East, West, North and South. The simulations were carried out in both summer and winter climates of warm and humid climatic zone for an office building. As far as the daylight factor is concerned, the green-reflective glass placed in south orientation is the best due to its adequate daylight factor (2.05% to 2.06%) in summer season and bronze glass window placed in north orientation is observed to be the best due to its sufficient daylight factor (2.2% to 2.8%) in winter among six studied window glass materials to Mangalore location (Latitude 12.87 N). The results of the study help in designing natural daylight buildings which in turn reduce energy consumption. � 2017 The Authors.
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    Study of Various Glass Window and Building Wall Materials in Different Climatic Zones of India for Energy Efficient Building Construction
    (2017) Kumar, G.K.; Saboor, S.; Babu, T.P.A.
    The commercial and residential buildings consume about 33% of energy for cooling and day lighting in India. This paper aims to present thermal performance of buildings constructed with various building and window glass materials in five different climatic zones of India. The climates considered include: hot and dry (Ahmedabad), moderate (Bangalore), cold (Guwahati), warm and humid (Madras), and composite (New Delhi). In this study, four building materials such as laterite stone, dense concrete, burnt brick, and mud brick were selected and four glasses such as clear, bronze, green, and bronze-reflective glasses were used for windows. Spectral characteristics of four glasses were measured experimentally by using Perkin-Elmer lambda 950spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 300 -2500 nm as per ASTM standards. A mat lab code was developed to compute the solar optical properties such as transmittance and reflectance of glasses as per European standards in entire solar spectrum region. The building models were designed in Design builder 4.3.0.039 and thermal analysis was carried out in Energy plus 8.1.0.009. The solar heat gain in buildings was investigated. The results revealed that the mud brick wall building with south bronze-reflective glass window as energy saving from the least heat gain point of view among eighty building models studied. The results also showed that the mud brick wall building with bronze, green and bronze reflective window glasses reduces heat gain through wall by 2.52%, 3.83%, and 6.46% as compared to the mud brick wall building with clear glass window. The results helps in selecting energy saving combination of wall envelope and window glass materials for reducing air-conditioning loads in residential and commercial buildings of five different climatic zones of India. � 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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    Study of Various Glass Window and Building Wall Materials in Different Climatic Zones of India for Energy Efficient Building Construction
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2017) Kumar, G.K.; Saboor, S.; Ashok Babu, T.P.A.
    The commercial and residential buildings consume about 33% of energy for cooling and day lighting in India. This paper aims to present thermal performance of buildings constructed with various building and window glass materials in five different climatic zones of India. The climates considered include: hot and dry (Ahmedabad), moderate (Bangalore), cold (Guwahati), warm and humid (Madras), and composite (New Delhi). In this study, four building materials such as laterite stone, dense concrete, burnt brick, and mud brick were selected and four glasses such as clear, bronze, green, and bronze-reflective glasses were used for windows. Spectral characteristics of four glasses were measured experimentally by using Perkin-Elmer lambda 950spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 300 -2500 nm as per ASTM standards. A mat lab code was developed to compute the solar optical properties such as transmittance and reflectance of glasses as per European standards in entire solar spectrum region. The building models were designed in Design builder 4.3.0.039 and thermal analysis was carried out in Energy plus 8.1.0.009. The solar heat gain in buildings was investigated. The results revealed that the mud brick wall building with south bronze-reflective glass window as energy saving from the least heat gain point of view among eighty building models studied. The results also showed that the mud brick wall building with bronze, green and bronze reflective window glasses reduces heat gain through wall by 2.52%, 3.83%, and 6.46% as compared to the mud brick wall building with clear glass window. The results helps in selecting energy saving combination of wall envelope and window glass materials for reducing air-conditioning loads in residential and commercial buildings of five different climatic zones of India. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.