Browsing by Author "Jain, A."

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A feed-forward/feedback run-to-run control of a mixed product process: Simulation and experimental studies
(2007) Wu, M.-F.; Lin, W.-K.; Ho, C.-L.; Wong, D.S.-H.; Jang, S.-S.; Zheng, Y.; Jain, A.
Run-to-run (RtR) control is an important quality assurance method for batch-based manufacturing process. Usually, products of different grades are produced on a tool that will experience gradual drift between maintenance cycles. A feed-forward/feedback RtR control strategy that compensates this drift for all products manufactured on this tool was proposed. This and other RtR control schemes were analyzed and validated by simulation and experimentally using a bench scale reactor that produces silica particles with different diameters by a sol-gel process. A simple EWMA (exponentially weighted moving average) RtR control scheme based on products of the same grade was found to be stable but inefficient for infrequent products. A simple EWMA RtR control scheme that attributed disturbance entirely as the effect of tool drift was found to be unstable. The feed-forward/feedback RtR control proposed was able to maintain stable quality by effectively utilizing information about tool changes to adjust recipes of infrequent products. Â© 2007 American Chemical Society.
A Framework To Study Heuristic TSP Algorithms With Google Maps API
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2019) Ajumal, P.A.; Ananthakrishnan, S.; Jain, A.; Athreya, H.N.; Chandrasekaran, K.
Millions of people depend on the navigation facilities available in smart-phones and web browsers for their daily commutes, planning long trips ahead of time, looking up places etc. Integration of GPS and compass made navigating anywhere in the world a trivial task. Today, there are several applications available that fit the purpose of navigation such as Waze, HereWeGo (previously known as Here Maps by Nokia), Google Maps, etc. When Google Maps was used to embark on a tour that will take us to chosen places by covering the least distance possible, it is observed that none of the aforementioned applications provide such a feature. In this paper, a framework is developed with Google Maps APIs to create such a feature. This problem is mapped to the Traveling salesman problem and tried to solve it using algorithms known for approximating TSP such as Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm, Particle Swarm Optimization and Two-opt Algorithm. The framework is tested with these algorithms and found that, Particle Swarm Optimization gives the best possible route. Â© 2019 IEEE.
Capsule Network–based architectures for the segmentation of sub-retinal serous fluid in optical coherence tomography images of central serous chorioretinopathy
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2021) Pawan, S.J.; Sankar, R.; Jain, A.; Jain, M.; Darshan, D.V.; Anoop, B.N.; Kothari, A.R.; Venkatesan, M.; Rajan, J.
Central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) is a chorioretinal disorder of the eye characterized by serous detachment of the neurosensory retina at the posterior pole of the eye. CSCR results from the accumulation of subretinal fluid (SRF) due to idiopathic defects at the level of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) that allows serous fluid from the choriocapillaris to diffuse into the subretinal space between RPE and neurosensory retinal layers. This condition is presently investigated by clinicians using invasive angiography or non-invasive optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging. OCT images provide a representation of the fluid underlying the retina, and in the absence of automated segmentation tools, currently only a qualitative assessment of the same is used to follow the progression of the disease. Automated segmentation of the SRF can prove to be extremely useful for the assessment of progression and for the timely management of CSCR. In this paper, we adopt an existing architecture called SegCaps, which is based on the recently introduced Capsule Networks concept, for the segmentation of SRF from CSCR OCT images. Furthermore, we propose an enhancement to SegCaps, which we have termed as DRIP-Caps, that utilizes the concepts of Dilation, Residual Connections, Inception Blocks, and Capsule Pooling to address the defined problem. The proposed model outperforms the benchmark UNet architecture while reducing the number of trainable parameters by 54.21%. Moreover, it reduces the computation complexity of SegCaps by reducing the number of trainable parameters by 37.85%, with competitive performance. The experiments demonstrate the generalizability of the proposed model, as evidenced by its remarkable performance even with a limited number of training samples. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2021, International Federation for Medical and Biological Engineering.
Charge-transfer interface of insulating metal-organic frameworks with metallic conduction
(Nature Research, 2022) Sindhu, P.; Ananthram, K.S.; Jain, A.; Tarafder, K.; Ballav, N.
Downsizing materials into hetero-structured thin film configurations is an important avenue to capture various interfacial phenomena. Metallic conduction at the interfaces of insulating transition metal oxides and organic molecules are notable examples, though, it remained elusive in the domain of coordination polymers including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). MOFs are comprised of metal centers connected to organic linkers with an extended coordination geometry and potential void space. Poor orbitals overlap often makes these crystalline solids electrical insulators. Herein, we have fabricated hetero-structured thin film of a Mott and a band insulating MOFs via layer-by-layer method. Electrical transport measurements across the thin film evidenced an interfacial metallic conduction. The origin of such an unusual observation was understood by the first-principles density functional theory calculations; specifically, Bader charge analysis revealed significant accumulation and percolation of charge across the interface. We anticipate similar interfacial effects in other rationally designed hetero-structured thin films of MOFs. © 2022, The Author(s).
Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PVDF/PZT composites: A review
(2015) Jain, A.; Prashanth, K.J.; Sharma, A.K.; Jain, A.; P.n, R.
Smart materials, which exhibit piezoelectricity, find an eclectic range of applications in the industry. The direct piezoelectric effect has been widely used in sensor design, and the inverse piezoelectric effect has been applied in actuator design. Ever since 1954, PZT and BaTiO3 were widely used for sensor and actuator applications despite their toxicity, brittleness, inflexibility, etc. With the discovery of PVDF in 1969, followed by development of copolymers, a flexible, easy to process, nontoxic, high density alternate with high piezoelectric voltage coefficient was available. In the past 20 years, heterostructural materials like polymer ceramic composites, have received lot of attention, since these materials combine the excellent pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramics with the flexibility, processing facility, and strength of the polymers resulting in relatively high dielectric permittivity and breakdown strength, which are not attainable in a single phase piezoelectric material. The current review article is an attempt to provide a compendium of all the work carried out with reference to PVDF-PZT composites. The review article evaluates the effect of grain size, content and other factors under the purview of dielectric and piezoelectric properties while evaluating the sensitivity of the material for sensor application.
Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of PVDF/PZT composites: A review
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2015) Jain, A.; Prashanth, K.J.; Sharma, A.K.; Jain, A.; P.n, R.
Smart materials, which exhibit piezoelectricity, find an eclectic range of applications in the industry. The direct piezoelectric effect has been widely used in sensor design, and the inverse piezoelectric effect has been applied in actuator design. Ever since 1954, PZT and BaTiO3 were widely used for sensor and actuator applications despite their toxicity, brittleness, inflexibility, etc. With the discovery of PVDF in 1969, followed by development of copolymers, a flexible, easy to process, nontoxic, high density alternate with high piezoelectric voltage coefficient was available. In the past 20 years, heterostructural materials like polymer ceramic composites, have received lot of attention, since these materials combine the excellent pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of ceramics with the flexibility, processing facility, and strength of the polymers resulting in relatively high dielectric permittivity and breakdown strength, which are not attainable in a single phase piezoelectric material. The current review article is an attempt to provide a compendium of all the work carried out with reference to PVDF-PZT composites. The review article evaluates the effect of grain size, content and other factors under the purview of dielectric and piezoelectric properties while evaluating the sensitivity of the material for sensor application.
Dynamic pricing of call rates: Bayesian approach
(2015) Dugar, C.; Jain, A.; Rajawat, A.; Bhattacharya, S.
In this paper, we present different cases and their possible solutions in the telecommunications market by incorporating dynamically changing call rates over the channel depending upon the network congestion. Since dynamic pricing of call rates is beneficial from both the perspectives of subscribers and service providers, our solution can significantly help to adapt this pricing mechanism in real market scenario. In order to deploy this scheme, we have incorporated the competing network provider's strategy into the mechanism of deciding dynamic price. Establishment of Nash equilibrium with the competing network provider has stabilized our pricing mechanism. 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Dynamic pricing of call rates: Bayesian approach
(Elsevier B.V., 2015) Dugar, C.; Jain, A.; Rajawat, A.; Bhattacharya, S.
In this paper, we present different cases and their possible solutions in the telecommunications market by incorporating dynamically changing call rates over the channel depending upon the network congestion. Since dynamic pricing of call rates is beneficial from both the perspectives of subscribers and service providers, our solution can significantly help to adapt this pricing mechanism in real market scenario. In order to deploy this scheme, we have incorporated the competing network provider's strategy into the mechanism of deciding dynamic price. Establishment of Nash equilibrium with the competing network provider has stabilized our pricing mechanism. © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Educational computing for the blind in India: Design, development and learning impact
(2012) Gupta, N.; Raghavan, A.; Shanbhogue, M.; Jain, A.
The aim of this paper is to present software engineering methodologies that were employed in developing educational solutions for the visually impaired. Empirical studies and experiments were conducted to measure the impact of the educational tools on the learning and cognitive abilities of the target user group. This study highlights the various technological and design challenges that were faced while developing and deploying these customized learning solutions. Observations and results indicate that there is significant merit in developing and utilizing such applications for the educational empowerment of the blind. � 2012 IEEE.
Educational computing for the blind in India: Design, development and learning impact
(2012) Gupta, N.; Raghavan, A.; Shanbhogue, M.; Jain, A.
The aim of this paper is to present software engineering methodologies that were employed in developing educational solutions for the visually impaired. Empirical studies and experiments were conducted to measure the impact of the educational tools on the learning and cognitive abilities of the target user group. This study highlights the various technological and design challenges that were faced while developing and deploying these customized learning solutions. Observations and results indicate that there is significant merit in developing and utilizing such applications for the educational empowerment of the blind. Â© 2012 IEEE.
Effect of fuel injection strategies and EGR on biodiesel blend in a CRDI engine
(2019) Bhowmick, P.; Jeevanantham, A.K.; Ashok, B.; Nanthagopal, K.; Perumal, D.A.; Karthickeyan, V.; Vora, K.C.; Jain, A.
Biodiesel appears as a replenishable and sustainable energy source and can be used a direct replacement to petro-diesel without any major transformations in ongoing diesel engines. This work concentrates on production of Calophyllum Inophyllum biodiesel (CIB) and preparing 10% blend (CIB10) sample to investigate the effects of varying the injection strategies and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in common-rail direct injection engine. The experimental results shows that 10% of pilot fuel and 90% main injection strategy (B10@P10-M90) is superior among all others injection strategies with respect to pure diesel. B10@P10-M90 fuel injection strategy produces the maximum efficiency of 35.8% and lowest fuel consumption of 0.25 kg/kWh compared to all the injection strategies. The carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are also found to be quite low compared to all the other test samples including pure diesel. However B10@P10-M90 results in higher average oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission which is 18.9% higher in contrast to conventional diesel at full load condition. With the implementation of 10% and 20% EGR with B10@P10-M90, the average NOx emissions decreased by 14.4% and 27.6% respectively compared to B10@P10-M90 without any EGR without significant loss in the performance of the existing diesel engine. 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Effect of fuel injection strategies and EGR on biodiesel blend in a CRDI engine
(Elsevier Ltd, 2019) Bhowmick, P.; Jeevanantham, A.K.; Bragadeshwaran, B.; Kasianantham, K.; Arumuga Perumal, D.A.; Viswanathan, V.; Vora, K.C.; Jain, A.
Biodiesel appears as a replenishable and sustainable energy source and can be used a direct replacement to petro-diesel without any major transformations in ongoing diesel engines. This work concentrates on production of Calophyllum Inophyllum biodiesel (CIB) and preparing 10% blend (CIB10) sample to investigate the effects of varying the injection strategies and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) in common-rail direct injection engine. The experimental results shows that 10% of pilot fuel and 90% main injection strategy (B10@P10-M90) is superior among all others injection strategies with respect to pure diesel. B10@P10-M90 fuel injection strategy produces the maximum efficiency of 35.8% and lowest fuel consumption of 0.25 kg/kWh compared to all the injection strategies. The carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions are also found to be quite low compared to all the other test samples including pure diesel. However B10@P10-M90 results in higher average oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission which is 18.9% higher in contrast to conventional diesel at full load condition. With the implementation of 10% and 20% EGR with B10@P10-M90, the average NOx emissions decreased by 14.4% and 27.6% respectively compared to B10@P10-M90 without any EGR without significant loss in the performance of the existing diesel engine. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd
Energy efficient computing- Green cloud computing
(2013) Jain, A.; Mishra, M.; Peddoju, S.K.; Jain, N.
Moving towards Cloud Computing, high performance computing usage of huge data center (DC) and huge cluster is increasing day by day and energy consumption by these DC and energy dissipation in environment by these DC is also rising day by day. The large amount of CO2 dissipation in environment has generated the necessity of Green computing (saving energy by recycling it and reusing it over a period of time and minimizing the wastage in terms of usage of resources). More processor chips generates more heat, more heat requires more cooling and cooling again generates heats and thus we come to a stage where we want to balance the system by getting the same computing speed at decreased energy consumption. In this paper we proposed different ideas towards green cloud computing approach. � 2013 IEEE.
Energy efficient computing- Green cloud computing
(2013) Jain, A.; MÃshra, M.; Peddoju, S.K.; Jain, N.
Moving towards Cloud Computing, high performance computing usage of huge data center (DC) and huge cluster is increasing day by day and energy consumption by these DC and energy dissipation in environment by these DC is also rising day by day. The large amount of CO2 dissipation in environment has generated the necessity of Green computing (saving energy by recycling it and reusing it over a period of time and minimizing the wastage in terms of usage of resources). More processor chips generates more heat, more heat requires more cooling and cooling again generates heats and thus we come to a stage where we want to balance the system by getting the same computing speed at decreased energy consumption. In this paper we proposed different ideas towards green cloud computing approach. Â© 2013 IEEE.
Energy storage and management in supercapacitors for application in piezoelectric energy harvesting systems
(2015) Sripad, S.; Jayanth, Kumar, S.; Jain, A.
Electrical double layer capacitors (supercapacitors) were fabricated using activated carbon as the active material and polyvinylidine fluoride (PVDF) as a binder with a suitable conductive additive (MWCNTs) together in an optimized ratio. The supercapacitor cells were assembled using an aqueous solution of 0.5M Na2SO4 as the electrolyte. These cells had an average capacitance of 1.7F each as measured by the constant current charging method. The two electrode symmetric cell had a specific capacitance of 23.05 F/g. The fabrication methodology has been discussed as well as the potential applications of the supercapacitor in piezoelectric element based energy harvesting systems have been elucidated. 2015, International Journal of ChemTech Research. All rights reserved.
Energy storage and management in supercapacitors for application in piezoelectric energy harvesting systems
(Sphinx Knowledge House info@sphinxsai.com, 2015) Sripad, S.; Kumar, S.; Jain, A.
Electrical double layer capacitors (supercapacitors) were fabricated using activated carbon as the active material and polyvinylidine fluoride (PVDF) as a binder with a suitable conductive additive (MWCNTs) together in an optimized ratio. The supercapacitor cells were assembled using an aqueous solution of 0.5M Na2SO4 as the electrolyte. These cells had an average capacitance of 1.7F each as measured by the constant current charging method. The two electrode symmetric cell had a specific capacitance of 23.05 F/g. The fabrication methodology has been discussed as well as the potential applications of the supercapacitor in piezoelectric element based energy harvesting systems have been elucidated. © 2015, International Journal of ChemTech Research. All rights reserved.
Epidemic Outbreak Prediction with Ensemble of Deep Learning Models
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2022) Vasudev, R.; Dahikar, P.; Jain, A.; Patil, N.
The ability of today's technology has proved it's significance and dire need in the world yet again, with COVID-19 being a global pandemic. Various techniques are being incorporated and researches being conducted everyday in order to mitigate this pandemic. Forecasting of COVID-19 cases is one such task in machine learning which is being researched intensively to develop reliable forecasting models.In the proposed work, we have forecasted the number of COVID-19 confirmed,recovered and death cases globally using time series data with machine learning and deep learning ensemble models. The purpose of this study is to prove that ensemble of several week learners that we have developed can result in a better performing model. Deep learning models always tend to perform better than machine learning and traditional linear models due to their non-linearity. Our study concludes that deep learning ensemble model achieves better performance than the machine learning ensemble (Random forest) and the individual base learners used in ensemble model itself in COVID-19 forecasting. Â© 2022 IEEE.
Fast Verification of Digital Signatures in IoT
(2017) Kittur, A.S.; Jain, A.; Pais, A.R.
Internet of Things (IoT) is the recent advancement in Wireless technology where multiple embedded devices are connected through internet for exchange of information. Since the information exchanged is private and at times confidential, state of the art focusses at providing proper security to the system. To avoid illegal users from getting access to information system, authentication through Digital Signatures becomes integral part of IoT. Verifying individual signatures is a time consuming process, hence it is not advisable in IoT systems. Using Batch verification of Digital signatures, reduction in verification time is achievable. Hence in this paper, we have studied different RSA based batch verification techniques and their analysis is provided. Batch verification of digital signatures in IoT devices is a promising area for further research. � 2017, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Fast Verification of Digital Signatures in IoT
(Springer Verlag service@springer.de, 2017) Kittur, A.S.; Jain, A.; Pais, A.R.
Internet of Things (IoT) is the recent advancement in Wireless technology where multiple embedded devices are connected through internet for exchange of information. Since the information exchanged is private and at times confidential, state of the art focusses at providing proper security to the system. To avoid illegal users from getting access to information system, authentication through Digital Signatures becomes integral part of IoT. Verifying individual signatures is a time consuming process, hence it is not advisable in IoT systems. Using Batch verification of Digital signatures, reduction in verification time is achievable. Hence in this paper, we have studied different RSA based batch verification techniques and their analysis is provided. Batch verification of digital signatures in IoT devices is a promising area for further research. Â© 2017, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
A feed-forward/feedback run-to-run control of a mixed product process: Simulation and experimental studies
(2007) Wu, M.-F.; Lin, W.-K.; Ho, C.-L.; Wong, D.S.-H.; Jang, S.-S.; Zheng, Y.; Jain, A.
Run-to-run (RtR) control is an important quality assurance method for batch-based manufacturing process. Usually, products of different grades are produced on a tool that will experience gradual drift between maintenance cycles. A feed-forward/feedback RtR control strategy that compensates this drift for all products manufactured on this tool was proposed. This and other RtR control schemes were analyzed and validated by simulation and experimentally using a bench scale reactor that produces silica particles with different diameters by a sol-gel process. A simple EWMA (exponentially weighted moving average) RtR control scheme based on products of the same grade was found to be stable but inefficient for infrequent products. A simple EWMA RtR control scheme that attributed disturbance entirely as the effect of tool drift was found to be unstable. The feed-forward/feedback RtR control proposed was able to maintain stable quality by effectively utilizing information about tool changes to adjust recipes of infrequent products. � 2007 American Chemical Society.