Browsing by Author "Hegde, A."

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A comparative study on the electrocatalytic activity of electrodeposited Ni-W and Ni-P alloy coatings
(Elsevier Ltd, 2018) Elias, L.; Hegde, A.
Bright Ni-W and Ni-P alloy coatings were synthesized through direct electrolysis from an aqueous alkaline citrate bath. The effect of alloying elements, W and P, on the electrocatalytic activity of Ni was studied, based on their induced codeposition behavior and related to the composition, structure and surface morphology of the developed coatings. The electrocatalytic activity of the alloy coatings towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was studied using electrochemical techniques such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronopotentiometry (CP), in 1. M KOH medium. A comparison of the electrocatalytic efficiencies of these Ni-based alloys was made in consideration with its physical and electrochemical characteristics. The obtained results showed that the alloying of Ni with W gives superior properties towards HER, attributed by its better hydrogen adsorption energy than in Ni-P alloy. The surface appearance, chemical composition and phase structure of the coatings were studied using SEM, EDS and XRD analyses, respectively. Â© 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
A Study of Machine Translation Models for Kannada-Tulu
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Hegde, A.; Shashirekha, H.L.; Anand Kumar, M.; Chakravarthi, B.R.
Over the past ten years, neural machine translation (NMT) has seen tremendous growth and is now entering a phase of maturity. Despite being the most popular solution for machine translation (MT), it performs sub-optimally on under-resourced language pairs due to lack of parallel corpora as compared to high-resourced language pairs. The implementation of NMT techniques for under-resourced language pairs is receiving the attention of researchers and has resulted in a significant amount of research for many under-resourced language pairs. In view of the growth of MT, this paper describes a set of practical approaches for investigating MT between Kannada and Tulu. These two languages belong to the family of Dravidian languages and are under-resourced due to lack of tools and resources particularly the parallel corpus for MT. Since there are no parallel corpora for the Kannada-Tulu language pair for MT, this work aims to construct a parallel corpus for this language pair. As manual construction of parallel corpus is laborious, data augmentation is introduced to enhance the size of the parallel corpus along with suitable preprocessing techniques. Different NMT schemes such as recurrent neural network (RNN) baseline, bidirectional recurrent neural network (BiRNN), transformer-based NMT with and without subword tokenization, and statistical machine translation (SMT) models are implemented for MT of Kannada-Tulu and Tulu-Kannada language pairs. Empirical results reveal that the impact of data augmentation increases the bilingual evaluation understudy (BLEU) score of the proposed models. Transformer-based models with subword tokenization outperformed the other models with BLEU scores 41.82 and 40.91 for Kannada-Tulu and Tulu-Kannada MT, respectively. Â© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Advancements in Credit Scoring, Profit Scoring, and Portfolio Optimization for P2P Lending
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Nayaka, P.; Hegde, A.; Bhowmik, B.
The Peer-to-peer (P2P) lending platform allows borrowers to connect directly with lenders outside traditional banking systems. Therefore, for the sustainability of these platforms, they must accurately assess the credit risk and profitability of the loans. Various credit scoring techniques, including Logistic Regression, neural networks, and ensemble methods, can be used to estimate the likelihood of borrower default. It is imperative to analyze the profit the lenders generated and enhance the credit scoring so that the investors face minimum loss. Once the profit analysis is done, then it is crucial to advise the investors about the portfolio of loans. This paper presents recent credit scoring, profit scoring, and portfolio optimization trends for P2P lending. We highlight the significant issues in incorporating machine learning models into credit scoring systems. The analysis emphasizes the need for a data-driven approach to perfecting lending practices, thus benefiting both borrowers and investors in the rapidly changing P2P landscape. Â© 2024 IEEE.
Big Data Analytics for Industry 5.0
(wiley, 2025) Hegde, A.; Bhowmik, B.
The steam engine's power, the assembly line's efficiency, and the computer's processing speed: these disruptive new technologies were the driving forces behind the first three industrial revolutions. The fourth industrial revolution, also known as Industry 4.0, is propelled by intelligent technologies. Industry 5.0, the fifth industrial revolution, fosters collaboration between humans and robots, thereby enhancing Industry 4.0 technologies. It is anticipated that this will generate employment that is more valuable, thereby allowing individuals to engage in more creative and design-oriented activities. It is possible for factories to remain competitive and adjust to the changing requirements of their customers by implementing this change. With the implementation of suitable investments, Industry 5.0 has the potential to foster economic growth and establish a more sustainable, collaborative future for both humans and machines. Finance, healthcare, retail, and manufacturing are among the sectors that have already experienced this transformation. Industries 5.0 has been rendered feasible by technologies including blockchain, cloud computing, Big Data Analytics (BDA), Internet of Things (IoT), and 6G networks. The administration of substantial quantities of data is facilitated by BDA, in particular. To optimize the utilization of human resources and minimize waste and inefficiency, sophisticated big data management and analysis systems implement artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques. Furthermore, the enhanced customization, precision, and productivity of Industry 5.0, which is a component of the IoT, are ensured by the increased use of intelligent devices and sensors. This chapter outlines the current trends, design principles, and applications of Industry 5.0. This chapter outlines the fundamentals of Industry 5.0, its emergence, and the significance of BDA as a technology. Furthermore, this chapter outlines the architecture, design principles, and opportunities that are linked to Industry 5.0, including optimization of human efficiency, personalized services, enhanced automation, and higher-value employment. In this chapter, Industry 5.0 faces a variety of obstacles, such as a scarcity of qualified workers, a time-consuming process, a substantial budget requirement, and security and privacy concerns. Furthermore, this chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of the most recent developments in the field, the paradigm shift toward Industry 5.0, and a diverse array of prospective futures. This chapter outlines the primary challenges, interests, and problems of Industry 5.0 in relation to BDA. © 2025 by John Wiley & Sons Inc. All rights reserved.
Combined effect of multidirectional forging and heat treatment on erosion and corrosion behaviour of the Mg-Zn-Mn alloys
(Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2024) Anne, G.; Hegde, A.; Kudva, S.A.; Sharma, P.; Kumar, P.; Matapati, M.; Ramesh, S.; Sharma, S.S.
Multidirectional forging (MDF) was successfully applied to the Mg-4Zn-1Mn alloy for five passes at 300 °C. The grain size of 5 pass MDF processed samples reached 18 ± 3 µm from 256 ± 6 µm, and ?-Mg, MgZn2 and MnZn13 peaks were observed. Further MDF processed samples were solution treated (ST) at 300 °C for 2 h and quenched in SAE 20W40 oil and followed by artificial ageing (A) at 170 °C for four different timings including 1.5 h, 2 h, 2.5 h and 3.5 h respectively. The peak hardness of 219 Hv (5 pass MDF + H sample) was found in 2h artificial ageing which is 3.1 times higher compared to counterpart homogenised samples. Improvement of mechanical properties was attributed to smaller grain size and precipitation strengthening as well as distribution of the secondary phases. The combined effect of MDF and heat treatment was analysed using solid particle erosion tests at 30° and 90° impact angles using alumina. It was observed that higher impact angle (90°) had more erosion rate in all conditions and 5 pass MDF + H samples exhibited better erosion (0.0001 mg/g) due to higher hardness. On the other hand, polarisation and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements were used to assess the alloys’ corrosion behaviour. The 3 pass MDF + H sample was found to have a corrosion rate of 0.0235 mm/y, which is two times lower than the counterpart 3 pass MDF processed samples and sixteen times lower than the homogenised sample (0.3838 mm/y). This was primarily due to the secondary phases’ better distribution and smaller grain size. © The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.
Corrosion behavior of composition modulated multilayer Zn-Co electrodeposits produced using a single-bath technique
(2009) Thangaraj, V.; Eliaz, N.; Hegde, A.
Composition modulated alloy (CMA) electrodeposits of Zn-Co were produced from acid chloride baths by the single-bath technique. Their corrosion behavior was evaluated as a function of the switched cathode current densities and the number of layers. The process was optimized with respect to the highest corrosion resistance. Enhanced corrosion resistance was obtained when the outer layer was slightly richer with cobalt. At the optimum switched current densities 40/55 mA cm-2, a coating with 600 layers showed ~6 times higher corrosion resistance than monolithic Zn-Co electrodeposit having the same thickness. The CMA coating exhibited red rust only after 1,130 h in a salt-spray test. The increased corrosion resistance of the multilayer alloys was related to their inherent barrier properties, as revealed by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. The corrosion resistance was explained in terms of n-type semiconductor films at the interface as supported by Mott-Schottky plots. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.
Corrosion inhibiting action of Ni-Mo alloy coatings in the presence of mixed metal oxide nanocomposites
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2018) Goveas, J.J.; Shetty, S.; Mascarenhas, N.P.; Hegde, A.; Gonsalves, R.A.
This paper is an attempt to establish the role of mixed metal oxide nanoparticles of ZnO-SnO2 (ZTO), ZnO-WO3 (ZWO) and ZnO-TiO2 (ZTiO) for enhancement of the corrosion inhibiting action of Ni-Mo alloy coatings on a copper substrate. Binary Ni-Mo alloy coatings were electrodeposited on copper plates in the presence and absence of nanoparticles from an alkaline citrate bath. The nanoparticles were previously synthesized via an electrochemical thermal technique. The corrosion resistance of these alloy coatings was evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarisation techniques in 3.5% NaCl medium. The experimental results reveal that the corrosion inhibiting capacity of the coating is best enhanced in the presence of ZWO nanoparticles deposited at the optimum current density (c.d.). Changes in surface morphology, phase structure and composition were analysed using SEM, XRD, and EDX. It was observed that alloy coatings reinforced with nanoparticles possessed a much smoother surface microstructure which could result in superior corrosion resistance. © The Royal Society of Chemistry and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Corrosion resistant Zn-Co alloy coatings deposited using saw-tooth current pulse
(2011) Yogesha, S.; Hegde, A.
Micro/nanostructured multilayer coatings of Zn-Co alloy were developed periodically on mild steel from acid chloride bath. Composition modulated multilayer alloy (CMMA) coatings, having gradual change in composition (in each layer) were developed galvanostatically using saw-tooth pulses through single bath technique (SBT). CMMA coatings were developed under different conditions of cyclic cathode current densities (CCCDs) and number of layers, and their corrosion resistances were evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) method. Optimal configuration, represented as (Zn-Co)2 0/4.0/300 was found to exhibit ? 89 times better corrosion resistance compared to monolithic (Zn- Co)3 0 alloy deposited for same time, from same bath. The better corrosion resistance of CMMA coatings was attributed to changed interfacial dielectric properties, evidenced by dielectric spectroscopy. Improved corrosion resistance was attributed to formation of n-type semiconductor film at the interface, supported by the Mott-Schottky plot. Further, the formation of multilayer and corrosion mechanism was analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). © Indian Academy of Sciences.
Development of Composition Modulated Multilayer (NiTi) Alloy Coatings for Improved Corrosion Protection of Mild Steel
(Pleiades Publishing, 2024) Harshini Sa, G.; Hegde, A.
Abstract: A new class of materials known as composition modulated multilayer (CMM) alloy coatings has created an ever-increasing interest in materials research due to their improved functional properties. In this direction, an effort has been made to improve the poorer corrosion resistance performance of conventional monolayer nickel–titanium (NiTi) alloy coatings (due to inherent induced type of codeposition), their multilayer alloy coatings have been developed. CMM (NiTi) alloy coatings have been fabricated electrolytically on mild steel (MS) from a citrate bath, using the glycerol as additive. Multilayer alloy coatings of varying matrices have been developed by periodic modulation of direct current (DC), in terms of pulse height and pulse duration. Coating configurations in both composition and thickness of alternate layers were optimized for best performance of the alloy coatings against corrosion. Corrosion behaviours were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and potentiodynamic polarization methods. Experimental study revealed that the corrosion rate (CR) of CMM coatings decreased successively with increase in number of layers up to certain limit, and then started increased. Experimental findings demonstrated that CMM (NiTi) alloy coating having optimal configuration, represented as (NiTi)2.0/4.0/120 is approximately five times more corrosion resistant than its monolayer counterpart, deposited from the same bath for same duration. Development of coatings in layered pattern was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. EDX and XRD techniques confirms the composition and phase structure of alloy coatings. The corrosion mechanism responsible for delayed corrosion of multilayer coatings has been explained, and experimental results are discussed. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd. 2024. ISSN 2070-2051, Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces, 2024, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 178–189. Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2024.
Development of high corrosion resistant (Ni-Fe) alloy coatings from a low concentration bath through multilayer approach
(SAGE Publications Inc., 2025) Rai, T.Y.; Hegde, A.
Here, we report the development of high corrosion-resistant (Ni-Fe) alloy coatings from a low-concentration bath through multilayer approach. The corrosion analysis of (Ni-Fe) alloys electrodeposited at different current densities (2.0–5.0 A/dm2) revealed that the coating developed at 2.0 A/dm2, represented as (Ni-Fe)2.0 A/dm2 is highly anticorrosive. The corrosion resistance of monolayer (Ni-Fe)2.0 A/dm2 coating, showing a corrosion rate of 14.71 × 10−2 mm/y was further improved by utilizing multilayer approach. Corrosion study revealed that multilayer coating having 120 layers, represented as (Ni-Fe)2.0/4.0/120 was six times more anticorrosive (with corrosion rate = 2.33 × 10−2 mm/y), compared to its monolayer counterpart. The improved anticorrosion performance of multilayered coatings was explained in the light of advanced instrumental techniques. © The Author(s) 2024.
Development of multilayered nanocomposite Zn-Ni-Sio2 coatings for better corrosion protection
(2012) Ullal, Y.; Hegde, A.
Multilayer nanocomposite coatings of Zn-Ni-SiO2 was deposited galvanostatically on mild steel (MS) from Zn-Ni bath, having Zn+2 and Ni+2 ions and uniformly dispersed nano-SiO2 particles. The corrosion performances of multilayered nanocomposite (MNC) coatings were evaluated by electrochemical polarization and impedance methods. The deposition conditions such as, bath composition, cyclic cathode current densities (CCCD's) and number of layers were optimized for peak performance of coatings against corrosion. A significant improvement in the corrosion performance of MNC coatings was observed when coating is changed from monolayer to multilayer type. Corrosion rate (CR) of MNC coating decreased progressively with number of layers up to an optimal level, and then started increasing. The increase of CR at higher degree of layering is attributed to diffusion of layers due to very short deposition time, failing to give the enhanced corrosion protection. The formation of layers, inclusion of silicate particle in MNC coating matrix were confirmed by SEM and XRD study. At optimal current densities, i.e. at 3.0-5.0 A/cm2, the Zn-Ni-SiO2 coating having 300 layers, represented as (Zn-Ni-SiO2)3.0/5.0/300 is found to be about 107 times more corrosion resistant than monolayer Zn-Ni-SiO2 coating, developed from same bath for same time. The reasons responsible for extended corrosion protection of MNC Zn-Ni-SiO2 coatings, compared to corresponding monolayer Zn-Ni and (Zn-Ni-SiO2) coatings were analyzed, and results were discussed. © 2012 Penerbit UTM Press. All rights reserved.
Development of nanolaminated multilayer Ni-P alloy coatings for better corrosion protection
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016) Elias, L.; Bhat, K.U.; Hegde, A.
Nanolaminated multilayer Nickel-Phosphorous (Ni-P) alloy coatings were developed on mild steel from a citrate bath using glycerol as an additive. Multilayer Ni-P alloy coatings having nanolaminated layers of alloys of alternatively different compositions have been developed using pulsed direct current (DC) by cyclic modulation of the cathode current density. The composition and number (hence thickness) of the layers were tailored by periodic modulation of the current density (c.d.) and time using a programmable power source. The deposition conditions were optimized for both the composition and thickness of the individual layers for the best performance of the coatings against corrosion. Electrochemical corrosion study, evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that the multilayer Ni-P alloy coating with 300 nanolaminated layers, represented as (Ni-P)1.0/4.0/300 showed several fold better corrosion resistance compared to its monolayer counterpart (deposited using regular DC) from the same electrolytic bath. Drastic improvement in the corrosion protection efficacy of the nanolaminated multilayer Ni-P alloy coatings were attributed to an increase in number of interfaces, separating layers of alloys having different morphologies, compositions and phase structures, which was supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, respectively. The corrosion rates of the multilayer Ni-P alloy coatings were decreased with increasing number of layers, only up to an optimal level and then increased. The increase in corrosion rates at a higher degree of layering were attributed to the diffusion of layers, due to the very short deposition time of each layer. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2016.
Development of Zn-Co alloy coatings by pulsed current from chloride bath
(2008) Thangaraj, V.; Udayashankar, N.K.; Hegde, A.
Zinc-M (where M = Ni, Co and Fe) alloy is of great interest owing to their better mechanical and corrosion properties compared with pure zinc coatings. Corrosion resistance of Zn-Co alloy coatings can be improved considerably by pulse plating. The paper details the optimization of Zn-Co alloy bath using pulsed current and details the superiority of pulse plating over direct current plating. Electroplating of Zn-Co alloys over mild steel was carried out under different conditions of pulse parameters like duty cycle, frequency and peak current density. The production and properties of the deposits were found to be influenced by pulse parameters employed. Within the ranges studied, the bath follows anomalous codeposition with preferential deposition of less noble zinc. The influence of current density on %wt. of Co in the deposit and cathode current efficiencies was studied. It was observed that the deposit at average current density of 5.0 A.dm-2, 50% duty cycle and 100 Hz frequency showed excellent corrosion resistance with fine structure. The peak performance of pulse electrodeposit against corrosion was attributed to the change in the surface homogeneity as evidenced by scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. The drastic decrease of corrosion rate in pulse electrodeposit was attributed to the formation of semiconductor films on the surface as supported by impedance spectroscopy signals.
Dopant-free hydrophobic fluorene-based hole transport materials: impact of methoxy-substituted triphenylamine and carbazole peripheral groups on the performance of perovskite solar cells
(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2025) Bhat, V.G.; Keremane, K.S.; Subramanya, K.S.; Archana, S.; Hegde, A.; Asuo, I.M.; Poudel, B.; Udayakumar, U.
Hole-transporting materials (HTMs) are crucial for charge separation in perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Besides possessing suitable HOMO/LUMO energies, HTMs should ideally be hydrophobic to protect the perovskites from atmospheric moisture to enhance device stability. We designed two fluorene-core D-?-D-type organic HTMs (V1 and V2), consisting of either 4,4?-methoxy triphenylamine (V1) or N-phenyl-3,6-methoxy carbazole (V2) as the peripheral donor moiety. Optoelectronic characterization and density functional theory calculations confirmed the intramolecular charge transfer within these new HTMs. UPS and REELS analyses revealed favorable HOMO-LUMO energy level alignment of V1 and V2 with the work functions of MAPbI3 and gold electrode for effective charge extraction. TRPL and transient absorption studies commendably explained better quenching of perovskite's luminescence by V1 over V2, suggesting a better interfacial contact of V1 with the perovskite layer. Accordingly, the PVSCs with V1 and V2 as HTMs in an architecture ITO/SnO2/MAPbI3/HTM(V1 or V2)/Au demonstrated power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.05% and 12.73% respectively. Also, the device with V1 retains 75% of its initial efficiency for more than 480 hours. The contact angle measurements revealed the strong hydrophobicity of both alkylated fluorene molecules (V1 and V2), and impedance spectroscopy measurements further revealed higher Rrec values for these HTMs, indicating improved charge transport and reduced recombination losses. These findings demonstrate the potential of the newly developed hydrophobic fluorene-based HTMs for achieving long-lasting performance in PVSCs. © 2025 The Royal Society of Chemistry.
Effect of bath composition and operating parameters on deposit character and corrosion behaviour of Zn-Ni alloy
(2008) Venkatakrishna, K.; Tangaraj, V.; Hegde, A.
Electrodcpositcd Zn-Ni alloys arc extensively used as protective coatings for steel substrates and hence:lhe studies, on the factors which enhance corrosion resistance are of considerable significance. The present work details the optimization of acid chloride bath for bright Zn-Ni alloy over mild steel and study of the parameters which influence Ni content in the deposit. Use of sulphanilic acid and gelatin was found to show significant effect on brightness of the deposit. The effect of molar ratio of Ni+2/Zn+2 in the bath on limiting current density of nickel deposition was emphasized. Under no conditions of bath compositions and operating parameters studied, the change in codeposition behaviour from anomalous to normal type was observed. The wt. %Ni in the deposit was found to be the independent factor of its corrosion resistance. The photomicrograph of electroplates confirmed that superior corrosion resistance is due to good surface morphology. Tjhe effect of bath composition, current density (c.d.), pH and temperature on appearance, hardness and corrosion resistance oi.deposits were studied and discussed. Corrosion behaviour of electroplates has been studied by Tafel's extrapolation method. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis revealed that superior corrosion resistance of Zn-Ni alloys coatings at optimized current density is due to' barrier resistance at the interface of deposit and medium. Formation Of n-typc semiconductor film at the interface was confirmed by Mott-Schottky plot. Addition of small amount of cadmjutrrchloride did not increase corrosion resistance.
Effect of surfactant on high capacitance of galvanostatically deposited MnO2
(Elsevier B.V., 2012) Suhasini; Hegde, A.
Manganese dioxide has been galvanostatically deposited on stainless-steel substrate from an aqueous acidic solution of manganese sulphate (1 M) in presence of a surface active agent (surfactant), namely, sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), for supercapacitor applications. The deposits have been developed under different conditions of SLS and their specific capacitance is measured by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and also by galvanostatic charge/discharge cycle. The oxide film (?0.1 mg cm-2) anodized from the manganese solution at 2.0 mA cm-2 has shown the highest specific capacitance of 255.8 F g -1, at scan rate of 10 mV s-1. It is observed that the capacitance increased by about 40% compared to the oxide prepared in the absence of SLS. Improved specific capacitance is due to the effect of the surfactant molecules in the deposit, causing high surface area of the deposit. The deposit is found to display good cycleability, even up to 1500 cycles. The structure and surface morphology of the deposits have been studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). XRD study reveals that crystallinity of the deposit with SLS remains unchanged, both are amorphous in nature. The surface area of the deposit is found to increase considerably due to the effect of SLS, as evident by SEM study.© 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Effect of TiO2 on electrocatalytic behavior of Ni-Mo alloy coating for hydrogen energy
(KeAi Communications Co., 2018) Shetty, A.R.; Hegde, A.
Ni-Mo-TiO2 composite coating has been developed through electrodeposition method by depositing titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles parallel to the process of Ni-Mo alloy coating. The experimental results explaining the increased electrocatalytic activity of Ni-Mo alloy coating on incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles into its alloy matrix is reported here. The effect of addition of TiO2 on composition, morphology and phase structure of TiO2 – composite coating is studied with special emphasis on its electrocatalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in 1.0 M KOH solution. The electrocatalytic activity of alloy coatings were validated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronopotentiometry (CP) techniques. Under optimal condition, TiO2 – composite alloy coating represented as (Ni-Mo-TiO2)2.0 A dm?2 is found to exhibit the highest electrocatalytic activity for HER compared to its binary alloy counterpart. The increased electrocatalytic activity of (Ni-Mo-TiO2)2.0 A dm?2 composite coating was attributed to the increased Mo content, porosity and roughness of coating, affected due to addition of TiO2 nanoparticles, supported by SEM, EDX, XRD and AFM study. The increased electrocatalytic activity of (Ni-Mo-TiO2)2.0 A dm?2 coating was found due to decreased Rct and increased Cdl values, demonstrated by EIS study. Better electrocatalytic activity of (Ni-Mo-TiO2)2.0 A dm?2 coating, compared to (Ni-Mo)2.0 A dm?2 coating has been explained through mechanism. Experimental study revealed that (Ni-Mo-TiO2)2.0 A dm?2 composite coating follows Volmer-Heyrovsky mechanism, compared to Tafel mechanism in case of (Ni-Mo-TiO2)2.0 A dm?2 coating, assessed on the basis of Tafel slopes. © 2018
Effective Resource Utilization in Hadoop Using Ganglia
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Srungarapati, B.; Pamarthi, M.; Vakada, V.; Hegde, A.; Bhowmik, B.
The exponential growth of big data has led to the widespread adoption of Hadoop clusters for storing and processing large volumes of data. Efficient management of resources within these clusters is crucial for achieving optimal performance and cost efficiency. This research paper explores the use of Hadoop and Ganglia for monitoring and optimizing resource utilization in Hadoop clusters. The study demonstrates that leveraging Hadoop and Ganglia is an effective strategy for improving cluster performance and resource efficiency. Results show significant enhancements in cluster performance and resource utilization, highlighting the importance of proactive resource management in Hadoop environments. Â© 2024 IEEE.
Electrochemical Detection of Catechol using Synthesized Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles
(Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Univ. of Tehran, 2025) Bindu, A.G.; Bhat, R.S.; Shivani; Hegde, A.
The fabrication of advanced electrodes has garnered significant attention due to their exceptional sensitivity and selectivity for detecting catechol samples. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have emerged as highly effective modifiers for carbon paste electrodes (CPEs), attributed to their unique electrochemical characteristics and enhanced conductivity. In this study, TiO2 NPs are prepared via the combustion method (CM), offering a reliable strategy for boosting electrode performance. This work aims to synthesize the TiO2 NPs by using Titanium (III) sulfate as precursor materials, and citric acid as fuel to get the desired TiO2 NPs. The confirmation of NPs is done through various techniques such as field emission scanning microscopy (FESEM), microstructure analysis by XRD, elemental composition by EDS, and absorption vibration levels by Raman spectroscopy. TiO2 NPs are used for the development of electrode applications to determine catechol (CC) using carbon paste electrodes (CPE). The electrode surface is modified into a TiO2 composite carbon paste electrode (TiCCPE). The electrochemical techniques are performed using a phosphate buffer solution (BS) of 0.1 M at a pH range of 7.0 of a two-electron transfer system with scan rates variation from 0.50-0.400 V/s signifies reaction of absorption-controlled process, and concentration studies from 0.2 µM to 1.6 µM with detection and quantification limit of 0.21 µM and 0.71 µM and was found using Linear sweep voltammetry technique (LSV). The electrode modification associated with synthesized TiO2 NPs assists in an outstanding way to sense the CC, as good sensitivity, stability, selectivity, and reproducibility of catechol detection were assessed using electrochemical techniques throughout the studies. © 2025, Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Univ. of Tehran. All rights reserved.
Electrochemical study of Zn-Fe alloy coatings on mild steel for automotive applications
(Chulalognkorn University, 2025) Bhat, R.S.; Hegde, A.
This study investigates the electrochemical behavior of Zn-Fe alloy deposited on mild steel (MS) substrates for automotive applications. The electrodeposition of a Zn-Fe alloy onto MS using an acid chloride bath, with 1,2,4-Triazole as an additive to enhance the uniformity of the deposit. The hull cell method was used to optimize the bath composition and operating conditions. The coatings were produced using electrodeposition at varying current densities, with 3 A?dm?2 identified as the optimal current density (CD) for achieving uniform coatings. The microstructural properties, including crystallite size and micro-strain, were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Williamson-Hall (W-H) analysis, revealing a homogenous distribution of crystallite size and strain. The impact of CD on coating features such as hardness, cathode current efficiency (CCE), thickness, and the weight % of metal contents was investigated. The corrosion resistance of the deposit was estimated using the potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods, and the results have been discussed. The structural and morphological properties of the deposit were investigated by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The roughness of the deposit was studied by Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The deposits containing Zn and Fe contents were confirmed by Energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results suggest that Zn-Fe alloy coatings can provide superior protection for automotive components. © (c) 2025 Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.