Browsing by Author "Dhruvik, N."

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    Design and implementation of SDN-based handover in 5G mmWave
    (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2021) Dhruvik, N.; Karia, A.J.; Khatri, A.; Manjappa, M.
    5G networks are more reliable than the widely used 4G network. They have extremely low latency and greater capacity. Apart from these benefits, 5G networks have speeds ranging from 1 gigabit - 10 gigabits per second. For accommodating such high rates, the User Equipment(UE) has to continuously keep switching between base stations once the signal from the previous is below some threshold. This is known as handover. Further, in a 5G scenario, where the base station coverage area is much smaller compared to 4G, UE frequently encounters handover because of its mobility. Hence, an efficient handover algorithm is required, and Software-Defined Networking (SDN) is the best option to design such algorithms. SDN, a fore-front technology, uses software-defined controllers which enable the centralised supervision of the entire network. The proposed research work has defined a software controller based handover for the 5G mmWave, which ensures Quality of Service(QoS) to the UEs. For the communication, a new interface called HOinterface has also been defined. The proposed architecture reduces the handover delay and is flexible, scalable, and efficient. The proposed SDN architecture is implemented in the NS3-mmWave patch and it was evaluated for its strengths and weaknesses. The results obtained are encouraging. © 2021 IEEE.
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    Optimal Resource Allocation for Public Safety Device to Device Communication Using PSO
    (Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Dhruvik, N.; Pavan, R.; Neeraj; Manjappa, M.
    The Device to Device (D2D) communication allows two different devices in close proximity to communicate directly among themselves without relaying through the base stations (eNodeB or eNB). The D2D communication offloads the traffic from eNB and thus, has many advantages, including higher throughput and less end-to-end delay. Though the PSC was basically invented for Public Safety Communication (PSC) and to help the first responders, its distinct advantages have attracted other commercial applications as well. The eNB treats all the D2D applications equally during resource allocation and does a uniform resource allocation where one application is engaged in commercial activities. At the same time, the other saves one’s life. Thus, in this work authors proposed a novel optimized resource allocation algorithm for D2D applications which prioritizes PSC over commercial applications. In order to achieve the objective, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) technique was employed in the proposed work. Furthermore, a new weighted average fitness function was designed for PSO to suit the requirements. The proposed algorithm was simulated in NS-3, and the results were taken for different iterations. It was observed that the PSO algorithm for the designed fitness function achieved the local and global optimum values in a considerable amount of time. It was apparent from the results that PSC D2D pairs produced convincing results when compared to D2D pairs with commercial applications. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.