Browsing by Author "Bhat, S."

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A Simple Displacement Function to Determine the Response of a Micro Capacitive Pressure Sensor
(2011) Simha, A.; Kulkarni, S.M.; Meenatchi Sundaram, S.; Bhat, S.
The response of a capacitive pressure sensor is generally represented by a fourth order partial differential equation which is complex to solve and does not possess an exact solution. Several attempts have been made earlier through various techniques such as the Galerkin method, Finite Difference Method etc.... In this paper an attempt has been made to develop a simple approximate analytical approach to determine the response of a micro capacitive pressure sensor whose diaphragm is designed to undergo very small deflections (typically less than 25% of the thickness). The non-uniform gap between the electrodes is mathematically expressed as a combination of the initial gap between the electrodes (in the undeformed state) and a displacement function in (x,y). The proposed displacement function is then utilized in evaluating the capacitance as a function of the applied pressure. The results obtained from the analytical approach are benchmarked against those obtained from COMSOL MultiphysicsÂ®, a popular Finite Element Analysis tool in the MEMS industry. It is observed that the results obtained from COMSOL MultiphysicsÂ® and those from the analytical approach are in good agreement with a maximum deviation of about 8.66%. Â© 2011 American Institute of Physics.
Accuracy Comparison of Logistic Regression and Decision Tree Prediction Models Using Machine Learning Technique
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2025) Tantri, B.R.; Bhat, S.
With the advancements in data science and machine learning, it has become beneficial for scientists, technologists, social scientists, and businessmen to adopt the latest developments in machine learning into their domains to make important decisions about their problems of interest. The biggest advantage of machine learning algorithms in such fields is their prediction capability. Statistical tools in powerful machine-learning languages like R have led to simpler solutions to more complex problems. Various models are in use in the process of making decisions and predictions. The most commonly used model in many situations is the regression model. Herein, it is intended to use the logistic regression model and the decision tree model in the prediction of binary categorical variables. R programming is used in the development of these prediction models. It is intended to compare the accuracy of the two models by using the confusion matrices. Two different datasets have been used for the prediction using these models and their comparisons. It has been observed that prediction using a decision tree model has a better accuracy as compared to that of a logistic regression model. Â© The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.
An alternate method for computation of transfer function matrix
(2010) Bhat, S.; Appukuttan, K.K.
A direct and simple numerical method is presented for calculating the transfer function matrix of a linear time invariant multivariable system (A, B, C). The method is based on the matrix-determinant identity, and it involves operations with an auxiliary vector on the matrices. The method is computationally faster compared to Liverrier and Danilevsky methods. 2010 Appukuttan K. K. and Suma Bhat.
An alternate method for computation of transfer function matrix
(2010) Bhat, S.; Appukuttan, K.K.
A direct and simple numerical method is presented for calculating the transfer function matrix of a linear time invariant multivariable system (A, B, C). The method is based on the matrix-determinant identity, and it involves operations with an auxiliary vector on the matrices. The method is computationally faster compared to Liverrier and Danilevsky methods. © 2010 Appukuttan K. K. and Suma Bhat.
Analysing the role of globalisation, institutional qualities, and renewable energy consumption in environmental degradation mitigation: the SAARC experience
(Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2025) Padhan, L.; Bhat, S.
The main purpose of this work is to investigate the impacts of four different dimensions of globalisation (financial, trade, social, and political), institutional qualities, and renewable energy consumption on ecological footprints and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework. For quantitative analysis, this study includes yearly data from 1995 to 2020 for five South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) nations: Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. SAARC countries are the most vulnerable to climate change and fast economic transitions. The study employs the second-generation panel unit root test, the Westerlund cointegration technique, and the Driscoll-Kraay (DK) Standard Errors regression technique. The study shows that social globalisation, institutional quality, renewable energy consumption, and industrialisation benefit the environment by lowering the ecological footprint and CO2 emissions. Trade and political globalisation are harmful to the environment as both indicators have a significant positive impact on ecological footprint and CO2 emissions. Financial globalisation has a significant negative impact on only CO2 emissions and is not significant in the case of ecological footprint. Further, the empirical estimates validate the inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis concerning ecological footprints and CO2 emissions. Furthermore, the robustness of long-term outcomes has been examined using the FMOLS and DOLS techniques. The present work suggests that SAARC countries can achieve a cleaner environment by adopting renewable energy, implementing strong institutional qualities, and promoting efficient technologies through globalisation. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2023.
Are Online Opinion Leaders and Seekers Distinct? A Study on Consumer Electronics Industry in India
(2019) Chakraborty, U.; Bhat, S.
On various social media platforms, such as brand communities and brand pages, one segment of consumers shares product knowledge and another seeks product knowledge. Consumers sharing product knowledge are called online opinion leaders and those seeking product knowledge are called online opinion seekers. Given the importance of opinion leaders as low-cost marketing tools for marketers, there is an impending need to determine whether opinion leaders and opinion seekers are distinct constructs in the online context. The present study addressed this issue by analysing a relatively large sample of 1432 respondents from India. The study adopted a novel approach to collect data. Data has been collected from select e-commerce sites brand pages on Facebook social media platform through Google forms. The study focuses on three consumer electronic product categories, namely, smartphone, laptop and tablet. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to examine the unidimensionality of the variables and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to validate the variable scales. In all the three product categories, online opinion leader and online opinion seeker scales turned out to be unidimensional. Further, the results of the analyses prove that online opinion leaders and online opinion seekers are distinct. This study provides evidence that in the context of an emerging online market, namely, India, online opinion leaders and online opinion seekers are distinct. 2019 International Management Institute, New Delhi.
Are Online Opinion Leaders and Seekers Distinct? A Study on Consumer Electronics Industry in India
(Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd F 35-55, Triveni Commercial Complex.Sheikh Sarai,Phase I New Dehli 110 017, 2019) Chakraborty, U.; Bhat, S.
On various social media platforms, such as brand communities and brand pages, one segment of consumers shares product knowledge and another seeks product knowledge. Consumers sharing product knowledge are called online opinion leaders and those seeking product knowledge are called online opinion seekers. Given the importance of opinion leaders as low-cost marketing tools for marketers, there is an impending need to determine whether opinion leaders and opinion seekers are distinct constructs in the online context. The present study addressed this issue by analysing a relatively large sample of 1432 respondents from India. The study adopted a novel approach to collect data. Data has been collected from select e-commerce sites’ brand pages on Facebook social media platform through Google forms. The study focuses on three consumer electronic product categories, namely, smartphone, laptop and tablet. Exploratory factor analysis was performed to examine the unidimensionality of the variables and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to validate the variable scales. In all the three product categories, online opinion leader and online opinion seeker scales turned out to be unidimensional. Further, the results of the analyses prove that online opinion leaders and online opinion seekers are distinct. This study provides evidence that in the context of an emerging online market, namely, India, online opinion leaders and online opinion seekers are distinct. © 2019 International Management Institute, New Delhi.
Big data in roads and pavements: Insights from a bibliometric study and a critical review of recent publications
(CRC Press/Balkema, 2022) Bhat, S.; Suresha, S.N.
This article is intended to present the quantitative study of scientific research publications in the recent decade on the application of big data in the area of road transport and pavement engineering. The present study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, 5036 Scopus indexed research documents such as research articles, review articles, conference papers, books, and book chapters published during 2010 and 2021 were referred. The study presents the geographical origin of the research documents; list of journals in which articles frequently featured; trends in the annual publication of research articles in journals, citations, and average citations per documents; and the frequency distribution of articles with different range of citations. In the second phase, nearly 100 articles that had cited the research article on the application of big data tools for the pavement distress detection were examined for the various types of machine learning, deep learning algorithms. Â© 2022 the Author(s).
Credibility of online reviews and its impact on brand image
(2018) Chakraborty, U.; Bhat, S.
Purpose: Brand image is considered as a signaling phenomenon because high brand image ensures quality product that can reduce consumer s uncertainty. A strong brand image induces consumers to pay higher prices, which in turn provides competitive advantage and market success to a company. Online reviews, blogs and texts on brand usage experiences are more effective than oral communication to build a strong brand image. Online reviews on products create distinct places for brands in the consumer s mind, and thus ultimately affect images of the brands. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of online reviews on functional and hedonic brand images in the context of consumer electronic products in India. Design/methodology/approach: The present study adopts a novel approach to collect data. The data have been collected from select e-commerce sites brand pages on Facebook through Google form application. A number of respondents are 1,038. Structural equation modeling technique has been used to examine the effects of online reviews on functional and hedonic brand images. Findings: The data analysis reveals that source and review quality have more significant effect on credibility evaluation of online reviews as compared to the effects of review consistency and receiver. Moreover, credible online reviews have more impact on hedonic brand image rather than functional brand image in the context of consumer electronics product in India. Originality/value: The present study combines Yale attitude change model and attribution theory to examine the effects of online reviews on brand image. 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Credibility of online reviews and its impact on brand image
(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd. Howard House Wagon Lane, Bingley BD16 1WA, 2018) Chakraborty, U.; Bhat, S.
Purpose: Brand image is considered as a signaling phenomenon because high brand image ensures quality product that can reduce consumer’s uncertainty. A strong brand image induces consumers to pay higher prices, which in turn provides competitive advantage and market success to a company. Online reviews, blogs and texts on brand usage experiences are more effective than oral communication to build a strong brand image. Online reviews on products create distinct places for brands in the consumer’s mind, and thus ultimately affect images of the brands. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of online reviews on functional and hedonic brand images in the context of consumer electronic products in India. Design/methodology/approach: The present study adopts a novel approach to collect data. The data have been collected from select e-commerce sites’ brand pages on Facebook through Google form application. A number of respondents are 1,038. Structural equation modeling technique has been used to examine the effects of online reviews on functional and hedonic brand images. Findings: The data analysis reveals that source and review quality have more significant effect on credibility evaluation of online reviews as compared to the effects of review consistency and receiver. Moreover, credible online reviews have more impact on hedonic brand image rather than functional brand image in the context of consumer electronics product in India. Originality/value: The present study combines Yale attitude change model and attribution theory to examine the effects of online reviews on brand image. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Drivers of ICT investments in bakery and sugar confectionery processed food sub-sector in India
(Emerald Group Holdings Ltd., 2020) Gr, N.; Bhat, S.
Purpose: Information and communication technology (ICT) is a general-purpose technology, which plays an important role in improving the efficiency of a business firm. Nowadays, investment on ICT has become necessary for every business firm in different sectors of the economy. However, firms need to be very cautious while investing on a particular ICT, which is suitable for their businesses. Thus, it becomes necessary for the firm to understand its internal organizational characteristics to invest better on ICT. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to understand the organizational factors, which influence investment on ICT at the firm level. Design/methodology/approach: The technology–organization–environment (TOE) framework is adopted to understand the organizational factors which influence a firm's ICT investment. The sample for the study is the firms belonging to bakery and sugar confectionery sector, which is one of the important sub-sectors of processed food industry in India. The data for analysis is extracted from a secondary source, namely the Prowess Database. The study uses two-step system GMM, a method of generalized method of moment (GMM), to identify the organizational determinants of ICT investment at the firm level. Findings: The study finds that previous-year investment on ICT has a significant impact on firms' present-year investment on ICT. The result of the econometric method also shows that firms which are larger, labour-intensive and highly liquidated are the ones investing more on ICT in the present study. Research limitations/implications: As mentioned, the study examines the ICT investment determinants of firms belonging to one of the important sub-sectors of processed food industry of the Indian economy. However, the result of the study is not to be generalized since it is related only to a specific industry. Further, the data used in the study is limited by secondary sources and therefore, requires data from primary sources for in-depth investigation of ICT investment determinants at the firm level. Originality/value: This paper bridges a research gap by examining the determinants of ICT investment of one of the important industry sectors in particular to developing countries. The paper contributes to the growing research on information technology adoption by using factors within the TOE framework to explain a processed food firm's investment on ICT. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.
Effect of Credible Reviews on Brand Image: A Mixed Method Approach
(Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd, 2018) Chakraborty, U.; Bhat, S.
Rapid growth of online social media reduces the marketer’s control over brand management. Consumers share their brand-related experiences (through online reviews) in various online social media platforms. It is a major challenge for the marketers to understand the effects of online reviews on a brand’s image. This study addresses the issue and attempts to understand the effects of online reviews on brand image. The concept of brand image is broken up into two parts, namely, functional and hedonic. The study follows a mixed method approach using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. Quantitative techniques have been used to measure the objective experiences of the consumers, whereas qualitative techniques have been used to examine the subjective experiences of the consumers. For quantitative technique, structural equation modelling (SEM) has been adopted to determine the relationships between the variables. For qualitative technique, netnography has been followed. Quantitative data analysis reveals that online credible reviews have more significant effect on hedonic brand image. Qualitative study also shows evidences of functional and hedonic brand images in online community. Future directions for research are mentioned as well. © 2018 SAGE Publications.
Effect of substrate temperature on the characteristics of ZnO films produced by a combination of thermal vapor deposition and oxidation processes
(2017) Sneha, C.; Prabukumar, C.; Jayalakshmi, M.; Bhat, S.; Udaya, Bhat, K.
In the present work, ZnO semiconductor films were prepared by following two step processes, namely, thermal vapor deposition of the zinc on the glass substrate followed by oxidative annealing. Substrate temperature during deposition of the zinc was varied. Structural properties and morphology of the ZnO films were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Hydrophobic nature of the film was confirmed by using contact angle analyser. Hall measurements facilitated the estimation of the carrier concentration, their mobility and their effect on the conductivity. Photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to analyse the lattice defect concentration in the film. Further, the sensor response of the ZnO film to CO gas was analysed. Sensor fabricated with ZnO films which were prepared by oxidizing Zn films deposited at higher substrate temperature were found to possess better response and faster response-recovery time than the film prepared using lower substrate temperature for zinc deposition. 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Effect of substrate temperature on the characteristics of ZnO films produced by a combination of thermal vapor deposition and oxidation processes
(Springer New York LLC barbara.b.bertram@gsk.com, 2017) Sneha, C.; Prabukumar, C.; Jayalakshmi, M.; Bhat, S.; Bhat, K.
In the present work, ZnO semiconductor films were prepared by following two step processes, namely, thermal vapor deposition of the zinc on the glass substrate followed by oxidative annealing. Substrate temperature during deposition of the zinc was varied. Structural properties and morphology of the ZnO films were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Hydrophobic nature of the film was confirmed by using contact angle analyser. Hall measurements facilitated the estimation of the carrier concentration, their mobility and their effect on the conductivity. Photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to analyse the lattice defect concentration in the film. Further, the sensor response of the ZnO film to CO gas was analysed. Sensor fabricated with ZnO films which were prepared by oxidizing Zn films deposited at higher substrate temperature were found to possess better response and faster response-recovery time than the film prepared using lower substrate temperature for zinc deposition. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
The Effects of Credible Online Reviews on Brand Equity Dimensions and Its Consequence on Consumer Behavior
(2018) Chakraborty, U.; Bhat, S.
Consumers are using social media platform to gain and share knowledge on brands. In the virtual environment, consumers are exposed to various online reviews on brands that leave an impression of brands on the minds of the consumers. The present study combines Yale attitude change model and attribution theory to examine the effects of credible online reviews on brand equity dimensions. The present study views, through the lens of Yale attitude change model, the various factors that affect credibility evaluation of online reviews. Further, attribution theory is used as the theoretical backbone to analyze the effects of credible online reviews on brand equity dimensions and finally on purchase intention. This study uses structural equations modeling (SEM) to investigate the impact of online credible reviews on customer based brand equity (CBBE) dimensions and its consequence on consumer behavior (purchase intention). Results indicate that source and review quality are the most important factors that affect consumer's credibility evaluation of a review. Online credible reviews have more significant impact on brand awareness, perceived value and organizational associations and thus leads to consumer's purchase intention in the context of consumer electronic products in India. 2018 Taylor & Francis.
Emulsification of bio-crude produced from agricultural waste via hydrothermal liquefaction process
(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Bhat, S.; Borugadda, V.B.; Dalai, A.K.
In the present study, bio-crude obtained from hydrothermal liquefaction of waste wheat flour and canola meal (residue after extraction of canola oil) was emulsified with the light cycle oil (LCO) using octanol as an emulsifier. Emulsification process parameters such as mixing time, temperature, stirring intensity, and emulsifier, bio-crude, LCO concentrations were varied and studied to obtain a final emulsion that could be used as a fuel in diesel engines. Favorable process conditions for the emulsion were found to be 25 min of mixing time at 105 ? temperature with a stirring intensity of 1000 rpm, and emulsifier, bio-crude, and LCO concentrations as 5, 10, and 85 wt% respectively. Various physicochemical properties of the formulated emulsion with bio-crude were studied which showed an improvement compared to the bio-crude used. The physicochemical properties of the emulsion were compared with the blends of conventional diesel fuel that do not contain additives, canola biodiesel for emulsion stability. Comparative analysis of the emulsion physicochemical properties revealed that the emulsion properties are very close to ASTM D 6751-09 biodiesel specifications. © 2021 Elsevier Ltd
Entrepreneurial ecosystem for promoting social innovation in emerging markets: Is corporate social responsibility integration with technology business incubators the right path?
(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2023) Bhat, S.
This study attempts to fill in two research gaps in the extant literature concerning the ecosystem for social innovation in the context of emerging market economies such as India. The study first attempts to assess the potential of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in not-for-profit entities such as technology business incubators (TBIs) to stimulate social innovations in the prevalent ecosystems in emerging markets. Further, using a random-effects Tobit model, the study examines the characteristics of firms that spend higher percentages of CSR expenditure on not-for-profit TBIs/societies/trusts in India. The study provides policy suggestions to create an entrepreneurial ecosystem for promoting social innovation in emerging markets such as India. © 2023 W. Michael Hoffman Center for Business Ethics at Bentley University.
Equal channel angular processing-a modern deforming technique for quality products
(Elsevier, 2021) Bhat K, U.K.; Bhat Panemangalore, D.B.; Bhat, S.
The grain size plays a significant role in determining the mechanical properties of the materials. Decreasing grain size increases strength, toughness, and ductility. Due to these, a lot of research has been executed to develop deforming techniques to produce ultrafine-grained materials. Among several plastic deformation techniques available, equal channel angular pressing or processing (ECAP) produces ultra-fine grained materials with substantial amount of high angle grain boundaries. ECAP produces ultra-fine grained material with typical substructural features, which are difficult to achieve using other severe deformation techniques. This chapter presents characteristics, variables, die design, and die materials employed in the process. The chapter also presents recent developments in the domain, such as, use of finite element techniques, etc. © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Firm-specific determinants of R&D behaviour of foreign affiliates in India
(Springer Singapore, 2020) Bhat, S.
In the recent past, one can observe that multinationals from developed countries are increasingly investing in R&D in the host developing countries. Nevertheless, the majority of the R&D activities of these multinationals are still located in the developed countries. Hence, there is a need to understand the factors that lead to enhanced R&D behaviour of foreign affiliates in developing countries like India. The present study attempts to understand the firm-specific factors that determine the R&D behaviour of foreign affiliates in India. The data used for the analysis is secondary data extracted from Prowess database of Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy. Econometric analysis is carried out on a panel data consisting of foreign-affiliated firms in India for a period of five years from 2011 to 2015. The results of the random effects Tobit analysis indicate that the traditional firm-specific variables like size of the firm and age of the firm are statistically significant in determining R&D intensity even in the case of foreign affiliates. Further analysis carried out using Heckman two-step econometric specification reveals that other firm-specific factors like labour intensity and outsourcing intensity are also relevant in determining R&D activities of the foreign affiliates in India. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020.
Heat treatment of friction surfaced steel-aluminum couple
(2015) Udaya, Bhat, K.; Nithin; Bhat, S.; Sudeendran
Friction surfacing is a solid state process and it is amenable for deposition of aluminum on steel. In this investigation, the mild steel surface was coated with a layer of aluminum using friction surfacing route. The aluminum thickness was in the range of 40-50 ?m. It was followed by a heat treatment step to convert aluminum layer in to an aluminide layer. Heat treatment was done in open atmosphere at 700 �C for 2 hours. Microstuctural analysis showed that the aluminide layer is mainly made of Fe2Al5 and Fe4Al13, FeAl and Fe3Al are minor in fraction. Formation of Fe2Al5 is discussed. The aluminide layer also has some amount of porosities. � (2015) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.