Browsing by Author "Bhat, B. Ramachandra"

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Biomass-Derived High Surface Porous Carbon for Energy and Sensing Applications
(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2024) Hegde, Shreeganesh Subraya; Bhat, B. Ramachandra
The research thesis titled 'BIOMASS-DERIVED HIGH SURFACE POROUS CARBON FOR ENERGY AND SENSING APPLICATIONS' explores the synthesis, characterization, and application studies of biomass-derived carbon materials. Through innovative methodologies and meticulous characterization, highsurface porous carbon materials derived from various biomass sources have been tailored to demonstrate exceptional performance in electrochemical energy storage and sensing. Beginning with the investigation of Tectona grandis sawdust-derived porous carbon (TPC) and progressing to the refined synthesis of Mangifera indica leaf wastederived activated carbon (MLAC) and Cocos nucifera trunk sawdust-derived highsurface carbon (CHSC), each stage demonstrates the transformative potential of converting renewable resources into porous carbon materials with customized properties. These materials exhibited outstanding electrochemical performance, with high specific capacitances, impressive cyclic stabilities, and superior energy densities. Moreover, the study meticulously underscores the importance of optimizing electrolyte conditions to maximize their potential in energy storage. Additionally, the development of a novel electrochemical biosensor utilizing high-surface porous carbon (HSPC) synthesized from Tamarindus indica seeds showcases the versatility of biomassderived carbon in biosensing applications, particularly in the sensitive and selective detection of the dengue virus NS1 protein. The biosensor exhibits exceptional sensitivity, a broad linear range, selectivity, reproducibility, and long-term stability, offering a promising solution to the urgent need for rapid and accurate detection of dengue virus infections, with potential implications for enhancing patient outcomes andcontrolling disease spread globally.
Molecular Design and Synthesis of New Cyanopyridone-Based Small Molecules for Oled Applications
(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2024) K S, Vishrutha; Adhikari, A. Vasudeva; Bhat, B. Ramachandra
In recent years, due to their widespread use in electronic devices like organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic light emitting transistors (OLETs), organic solid-state lasers, organic solar cells (OSCs) and biomedical devices, the development of efficient organic π-conjugated small molecules has been a vital part in the field of electronics. Essentially, these materials mainly stand out because of their well-organized molecular structures, simple synthetic methods, straightforward purification procedures, amenability to solution and vacuum deposition processing while fabrication, and the ability to fine-tune functional properties through relatively straightforward structural engineering. Over the past decade, due to their potential applications in the next-generation solid-state lighting sources and flat panel displays, OLEDs have garnered a lot of attention. Several efforts have been devoted to the development of new emissive materials to satisfy market requirements such as high luminescence quantum yield in the solid state, good amorphous film-forming properties, high thermal stability, and color purity.Based on the detailed literature survey, forty-two new conjugated small molecules, viz. C1-42 (Series 1-7) were designed as potential emitters for OLED applications. All of them were successfully synthesized and well characterized. Further, they were subjected to in-depth optical, electrochemical, thermal, theoretical, and electroluminescence studies. The solvatochromic study clearly indicated the nonpolar nature of the ground state and the presence of ICT behavior in the molecules. New OLEDs were fabricated employing selected twenty-eight newly synthesized compounds (Series 1-4) as emitters. From these studies, it is clear that the synthesized molecules possess all the prerequisites to act as an emissive layer in an OLED device. DFT calculations revealed their FMO, HOMO-LUMO energy levels, and spatial charge distribution in the molecules. Interestingly, fabricated devices containing C3, C11, C19 and C26 showed an EQE of 5.32, 5.91, 4.18 and 4.18 %, respectively. In the OLED devices, C3 gives yellow emission, C11 shows green light emission C19 exhibits cyan light and C26 shows bluish-green light.
Synthesis and Characterization of 3d-Metal Nanoparticles Immobilized onto Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite For Its Applications In Adsorption And Catalysis
(2022) Saroja, Anuma; Bhat, B. Ramachandra
The thesis titled “Synthesis and Characterization of 3d-Metal Nanoparticles immobilized onto Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite for its Applications in Adsorption and Catalysis” encompass the work on 2D graphene oxide metal nanocomposites, particularly the metal nanoparticles/complexes to the ferrites for the prospective use as materials for adsorption and catalytic applications. A new route to obtain the mixed ferrite by binary solvent system is discussed in the adsorption applications. The graphene nanocomposites in their native state were found to be highly useful for the removal of cationic and anionic pollutants such as MB, RB, CR, Pb(II) & Cd(II). The removal rate of 95.1% for the pollutant MB after 5th consecutive cycles by GO-Fe/CPTMS-SiO2@MF adsorbent under the optimized conditions. The removal rate of MB dye from the real wastewater is around 90.1%. But the maximum adsorption capacity (qe) for the desorption studies on the GO-Fe/CPTMS-SiO2@MF adsorbent for MB dye on simulated wastewater is 1794.34 mg g-1 and for metal ion Pb(II) is 1806.45 mg g-1 is highest among the other dyes and metal ions. Due to the spinel structure of mixed ferrite nanoparticle in the GO-Fe/CPTMS-SiO2@MF adsorbent with high surface area and superparamagnetic nature helps in the effective removal of pollutants from the simulated and real wastewater. The catalyst CoASGO has been used in the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction with a maximum yield of 97.4%. It can be recycled up to 6 regenerative cycles effectively and hence it can be used as an excellent catalyst for the cross-coupling reactions. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates that these nanocomposites found to be effective in the adsorption and catalytic applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of Transition Metal Chalcogenides for High Performance Supercapacitors
(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2024) Mascarenhas, Fiona Joyline; Bhat, B. Ramachandra
This chapter introduces the significance of energy storage solutions, highlighting the advantages of supercapacitors. This overview establishes the foundational role of supercapacitors in modern energy storage.
Synthesis Characterization and Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Study of Some Transition Metal and Boron Complexes
(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2013) B.J., Rudresha; Bhat, B. Ramachandra
This research thesis entitled “Synthesis, Characterization and Third-order Nonlinear Optical Study of Some Transition metal and Boron Complexes” deals with the detailed information on synthesis of five different series of transition metal and boron coordination complexes for third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) study. Third-order NLO properties of all the synthesized complexes were measured using the open aperture Z-scan technique. The thesis divided into seven chapters viz Chapter 1 gives an overview of the introduction and historical background of nonlinear optics, theoretical aspects of light-mater interaction in nonlinear regime and different NLO processes and NLO materials. Chapter 2 deals with the literature review on NLO study of transition metals and boron coordination complexes and also the scope and objectives of the present work. Chapter 3 describes the synthesis, characterization and third-order NLO studies of diimine (1,10-phenonthroline and 2,2‟-bypyridine) based Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes with 1D dipolar NLOphores. Chapter 4 explains the ultrafast and nonresonant NLO characteristics of two metal complexes (N-(2-pyridyl)-N'-(salicylidene) hydrazine triphenylphosphine Co(II) ([CoLPPh3]), N-(2-pyridyl)-N'-(salicylidene)hydrazine triphenylphosphine Pd(I) ([PdLPPh3])), incorporated into PMMA film was studied using time-resolved differential optical Kerr gate (DOKG) and Z-scan experiments. The synthesis, characterization and the third-order NLO properties of three new Cu(I) complexes with two electron withdrawing ligands has been discussed in chapter 5. Chapter 6 describes, the formation of “push-pull” boron fluoride complexes derived from chalcones. The NLO results show that these complexes exhibiting „„effective‟‟ 2PA property. Chapter 7 deals synthesis and NLO property of substituted N,N'-pphenylenebis(salicylideneimine) ligands as well as their coordinatively saturated boron fluoride complexes. Chapter 8 provides the summary of the work presented in this thesis along with the conclusions.
Synthesis of Nanomaterials and their Applications in Biosensor
(National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, 2024) Rao, Lavanya V. R.; Bhat, B. Ramachandra
Synthesis, Characterization and Application of Some Transition Metal Complexes for Cross Coupling Reactions
(2018) Hasan, Ansari Rasheeda Bano Maqbool; Bhat, B. Ramachandra
In recent years, transition metal based catalysts have gained large importance due to the inherent flexibility of the metals to be complex with different organic ligands. Schiff base which falls in the category of imines is a unique class of ligands with different donor atoms exhibiting fascinating coordination style to approach the numerous metals. Compounds with C-C bond have shown worldwide applications in various fields such as agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, natural products, advanced materials and so on. The Suzuki-Miyaura reaction is one of the most frequently used reactions for the synthesis of biaryls using transition metal catalyst especially palladium. 3d-metal complexes act as an alternative to the high-cost palladium catalyst with comparable conversions. In this study, Schiff bases were synthesized using 4-aminoacetophenone, 2- amino-5-bromopyridine, 2-aminophenol, and 1,2-phenylenediamine with different substituted aldehydes (Salicylaldehyde, 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, 2- hydroxy-1-napthaldehyde). Complexes of 3d-transition metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu) were synthesized using Schiff base ligands. Also, we have described the synthesis of nano-iron (II) and nickel (II) complex of a Schiff base ligand, namely 1-((pyridin-2- ylimino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol using sonochemical method. The immobilization of Schiff base copper complex onto graphene oxide was carried out to synthesize heterogeneous and eco-friendly catalysts. The synthesized complexes were analyzed using elemental analysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, NMR, Mass, TGA and magnetic susceptibility. The synthesized complexes were examined for their C-C coupling efficiency in Suzuki cross-coupling between phenylboronic acid and para substituted aryl halides. These complexes had a better advantage over phosphine complexes. The mild reaction condition, low cost of the reagent and non-toxic by-products of the reaction makes it versatile.