Browsing by Author "Bhat, A.K."

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Graphene oxide as nano-material in developing sustainable concrete – A brief review
(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Akarsh, P.K.; Shrinidhi, D.; Marathe, S.; Bhat, A.K.
Nanomaterials are the most happening research field in material science. Hydration of cement grains and nano pore filling actions in cement matrix occurring at microscopic levels is greatly benefited by the superior surface area, aspect ratios, size, and greater mechanical characteristics of nano sized materials. Many researchers have used nanoparticles as cementitious materials in concrete. Graphene oxide (GO) is one among many nanomaterials with one of its sides in nano sized measurement and the other two sides are on a bigger scale. One of the advantages of GO over other nanoparticles is that the oxygen functionalities and can be easily dispersed under an aqueous medium. This paper sheds light on brief information about nanotechnology, nanomaterials application in concrete, characterization of GO, and various key researches in the usage of GO in producing concrete of desirable properties. Mainly, GO increases the performance of the resulting cement concrete by creating a strong covalent bond with hydration results like C-S-H. Using polycarboxylate ether and silica fumes the dispersion properties can be effectively improved without forming GO agglomerates. High-Performance cement concrete mixes can be produced by making GO form great bonds with other admixtures. © 2021
Investigations on Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixes by Utilizing Slag and Cellulose Fiber
(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2023) Marathe, S.; Akarsh, P.K.; Bhat, A.K.; Mahesh Kumar, M.
Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) has become one of the most admired Asphalt Pavement layers due to its superior deformation-resistant capacity through a coarse stone skeleton providing more stone-on-stone contact than the other Dense Graded Asphalt (DGA) mixes. SMA has proved superior on heavily trafficked roads and in industrial applications. SMA has distinct advantages as a Surfacing, due to its potential for high resistance to fatigue and rutting. In the present study, the SMA specimens were prepared by incorporating Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) as filler and the Marshall properties were studied. Further, for the optimum Marshall mix (containing 2.5% of GGBS), the cellulose fiber was added. The results have shown that the maximum strength was obtained for the SMA mix containing 7% of bitumen content with 2.5% of GGBFS and 0.3% of cellulose fiber. Â© 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Properties of Rejuvenated Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement Mixtures with Waste Glass Powder and Sisal Fibers for Pavements
(American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2025) Marathe, S.; Akarsh, A.P.; Bhat, A.K.
By exploring the usage of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) mixtures in pavement construction, this study fills a substantial gap in the literature. The research includes a number of experimental investigations ranging from enhancing binder qualities to efficiently using waste engine oil (WEO) as a rejuvenator, as well as detailed performance evaluations using waste glass in powdered form. RAP materials were meticulously graded to provide stone matrix asphalt compositions. Throughout the study, a reinforcing supplement of 0.30% sisal fiber was utilized. The determination of optimal (fresh) binder content (OBC) of 3.50% and the selection of a lowered OBC of 2.50% with the adding of 20% WEO rejuvenator are among the preliminary key results. The study also effectively modified RAP mixes by including waste glass powder (WGP) as a mineral additive, yielding an optimal dose of 5.0% for a selected RAP mix. Performance testing on the improved RAP mixtures produced remarkable results. The Marshall stability value was increased by 20% with 5.0% WGP content. The Marshall quotient constantly fell between 2 and 5 kN=mm, which is the desired range. Tensile strength ratios often crossed 80%, and the drain-down potential was decreased by the use of WGP drastically. The combination with a 5.0% WGP content excelled the control mixture in rutting and fatigue testing and had a maximum retained Marshall stability of 93.1%. Additionally, pavement design utilizing Indian Roads Congress criteria demonstrated the viability of building pavements for low-volume roads using RAP mixtures in an efficient and sustainable manner. This study highlights the utilization of RAP to achieve sustainability in pavement building, offering a viable approach to bituminous pavement rehabilitation. © 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
Stabilized Lithomargic Soil Subgrades for Low Volume Road Design Using Industrial Wastes
(Springer, 2024) Marathe, S.; Bhat, A.K.; Ashmitha, N.M.; Akarsh, P.K.
Lithomargic soil is considered a major group of “residual soil” which is identified as a problematic soil in the coastline region of Karnataka state of India. Previous studies reveal that the soil will cause several serious pavement deterioration problems when used as a pavement material. The present study focuses on the stabilization of this problematic shedi soil to make it suitable as a pavement subgrade material using fly ash (FA) and copper slag (CS) additives as stabilizers. In this investigation, various geotechnical properties were investigated to study the improvements in the mechanical soil properties with different percentages of FA and CS additions. For this investigation, relevant Indian standard (IS) codal guidelines were used. Initially, the effect of CS is studied by adding the various trial dosages of the CS from 0 to 50% (by weight) to the soil. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test revealed that the soil sample with 25% of CS has shown satisfactory results. Further, by maintaining the 25% CS dosage as constant, the FA dosage was introduced at an increment interval of 2% (by weight). The IS light compaction and UCS results revealed that a 6% dosage of FA had led to maximum strength gain. The improved mechanical performance includes an improvement in standard maximum proctor density from 15.22 to 18.16 kN/m3, soaked CBR value from 2.40 to 10.51%, and UCS value from 93 to 312 kPa. Further, the developments in the UCS and california bearing ratio (CBR) were studied by subjecting the virgin and modified soil to sustained desiccator curing at different intervals up to 56 days, the corresponding results indicated a strength gain of about 22% for the modified lithomargic soil. The durability tests were performed by subjecting the UCS specimens to alternate wetting–drying conditions and alternate freezing–thawing cycles. The test results were compared with that of the un-modified shedi soil. The test results were satisfactory for the application as the pavement subgrade material. The pavement design for the low-volume roads has been carried out using IRC: SP-72 guidelines and the pavement analysis is carried out using KENPAVE software. The results indicate that the use of 25% of CS along with 6% of FA in lithomargic soil could lead to a reduction of 46.15% of design pavement thickness and a reduced maximum deflection value upon stabilization. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Chinese Society of Pavement Engineering 2023.